SLC Center: Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center: Studying Robust Learning with Learning Experiments in Real Classrooms

SLC 中心：匹兹堡学习科学中心：通过真实课堂中的学习实验研究稳健学习

• 批准号: 0354420
• 负责人: Ken Koedinger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-10-01 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0354420&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SLC; Center; Pittsburgh; Science; Learning

The Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center (PSLC) addresses a pervasive problem in learning research -- that few if any research results survive the transition from the laboratory to the classroom, from one research and development setting to another, or from one content domain to the next. Learning research has no shortage of rigorous laboratory results and associated principles, or of realistic classroom design experiments and associated course innovations, but there is a persistent shortage of experimental results that are both rigorous and realistic. The PSLC has two key goals: (1) to establish a new paradigm of in vivo learning experimention, to produce results that survive rigorous experimentation with laboratory-quality methods in real classroom settings; and (2) to focus research on robust learning, that is, learning that is retained over long durations, transfers to novel situations, and accelerates future learning. PSLC researchers will pursue results within this new paradigm that are guided by, but not limited to, the following research clusters:1. Co-training. When, how, and why do students' use of multiple inputs, representations or strategies facilitate learning by providing an avenue for self-supervised learning that goes beyond learning supported by teacher and peer feedback?2. Dialogue. When, how, and why does classroom talk and tutorial dialog, whether by human or computer, promote robust learning?3. Refinement. How do learners determine the causal connections between cues in the environment, their actions, and desired knowledge and how can instructional support and feedback facilitate learners in making such connections?4. Fluency. How does more isolated learning of knowledge components interact with learning within larger authentic performances and how can instruction support such interactions to yield more fluent and robust learning?To amortize the demanding set up costs required of individual researchers who want to perform in vivo experimentation, PSLC will develop LearnLab, an international resource for learning scientists that combines classroom testbeds, advanced technology, and a vast, detailed database of learner interactions. In particular, the LearnLab testbed will include seven highly instrumented courses enhanced with intelligent tutoring systems: Algebra, Geometry, Physics, Chemistry, French, Chinese and English as a second language. These courses will host the in vivo experimentation. PSLC will develop the social and technological infrastructure necessary to facilitate such experimentation.PSLC activities will address education and diversity goals as well as research goals. LearnLab both requires and affords pre-doctoral and post-doctoral training of learning scientists to take advantage of this new paradigm. LearnLab will also enrich the scientific infrastructure by establishing extensive collaborations among current and future psychologists, statisticians, psychometricians, computer scientists, engineers, and instructional designers. Experimental manipulations that demonstrate substantial learning gains will be incorporated in LearnLab schools that reach diverse populations and eventually to many other schools. The PSLC diversity plan includes activities that will increase the pipeline of diverse learners and learning scientists from the high school level to center leaders.

匹兹堡学习科学中心（PSLC）解决了学习研究中一个普遍存在的问题——很少有研究成果能够从实验室过渡到课堂，从一个研究和开发环境过渡到另一个，或者从一个内容领域过渡到另一个内容领域。学习研究并不缺乏严谨的实验结果和相关的原理，也不缺乏切合实际的课堂设计实验和相关的课程创新，但始终缺乏既严谨又切合实际的实验结果。PSLC有两个关键目标：(1)建立一种新的体内学习实验范式，产生能够在真实课堂环境中使用实验室质量方法进行严格实验的结果；(2)将研究重点放在稳健学习上，即长时间保留、转移到新情境并加速未来学习的学习。PSLC研究人员将在这一新范式中追求成果，该范式由但不限于以下研究集群指导：Co-training。学生何时、如何以及为什么使用多种输入、表征或策略，通过提供一种超越教师和同伴反馈支持的自我监督学习途径来促进学习？对话。课堂对话和辅导对话，无论是人还是计算机，何时、如何以及为什么促进稳健学习？细化。学习者如何确定环境中的线索、他们的行为和期望的知识之间的因果联系？教学支持和反馈如何促进学习者建立这种联系？流利。更孤立的知识组成部分的学习如何与更大的真实表演中的学习相互作用？教学如何支持这种相互作用，以产生更流畅和稳健的学习？为了分摊想要进行体内实验的个体研究人员所需的苛刻设置成本，PSLC将开发LearnLab，这是一个为学习科学家提供的国际资源，结合了课堂测试平台，先进技术和庞大，详细的学习者互动数据库。特别值得一提的是，LearnLab测试平台将包括七门高度仪器化的课程，并辅以智能辅导系统：代数、几何、物理、化学、法语、汉语和英语作为第二语言。这些课程将主持体内实验。PSLC将发展必要的社会和技术基础设施，以促进这种试验。PSLC活动将解决教育和多样性目标以及研究目标。LearnLab要求并提供学习科学家的博士前和博士后培训，以利用这种新范式。LearnLab还将通过在当前和未来的心理学家、统计学家、心理测量学家、计算机科学家、工程师和教学设计师之间建立广泛的合作，丰富科学基础设施。能够证明学习效果显著的实验操作将被纳入LearnLab学校，覆盖到不同的人群，并最终推广到许多其他学校。PSLC多元化计划包括将增加从高中到中心领导的多元化学习者和学习科学家的管道的活动。