Collaborative Research: Evolutionary genomics of plant-fungal symbiosis: coevolution of Pinaceae and their ectomycorrhizal fungi in the genus Suillus

牛肝菌是一种常见的真菌，在世界各地的森林中与松树紧密结合(共生)，在生态系统的运行中起着至关重要的作用。这些外生菌根真菌为它们的植物宿主提供了资源和对病原体的保护，作为交换，蘑菇获得了植物衍生的糖。这项研究将加强对这些植物和真菌如何共同进化的理解，这将广泛地为植物与微生物相互作用的一般领域提供信息。该项目将加强研究这些真菌的生物学和生态学的真菌生态学家和系统学家的大型网络之间的合作。通过实地收集、知识交流和参加科学讲习班，将为来自各种学术和行业背景的科学家建立专业网络，并关注代表性不足的群体。该研究项目旨在通过与当地蘑菇俱乐部和业余真菌学家的合作，向公众推广，包括讲座、研讨会和参与野外采样。猪油菌-松科的共同进化史尚未得到很好的研究，这阻碍了基因组学的完全整合，以了解电动势-植物共同进化的分子机制。这项拟议的研究将利用真菌学领域的新技术，为猪链霉菌属建立一个强大而全面的分子系统学。松树基因组的互补性广泛测序也将提供有用的数据，在其中推进松树基因组学在该项目内外的研究。其他研究产品将包括为苏氏杆菌生成至少五个以上的基因组(目前只有两个可用)，以及为苏氏杆菌的多个成员和来自EMF定植的松树的转录本。总的来说，这些分子资源将涉及多个学科：参与共同进化和寄主专一性的代谢和信号网络，以及真菌-寄主识别、交流和营养获取和交换。这些产品将在真菌学、植物学、生态学和进化生物学领域发挥重要作用。

Bolete mushrooms (Suillus) are easily recognized fungi that live in close association (symbiosis) with pine tree in forests around the world, and they provide critical roles in the functioning of ecosystems. These ectomycorrhizal fungi provide their plant hosts with resources and protection from pathogens, and in exchange, the mushrooms receive plant-derived sugars. This research will enhance understanding of how these plants and fungi have co-evolved, and this will broadly inform the general area of plant-microbe interactions. The project will increase collaboration among a large network of fungal ecologists and systematists who study biology and ecology of these fungi. Through field collection, knowledge exchange, and participation in scientific workshops, professional networks will be built for scientists from a wide range of academic and industry settings, with attention to underrepresented groups. The research project is geared toward outreach to the general public through partnership with local mushroom clubs and amateur mycologists that will involve lectures, workshops, and participation in field sampling.The co-evolutionary history of Suillus-Pinaceae has not been well studied, which has prevented the full integration of genomics to understand molecular mechanisms of EMF-plant co-evolution. This proposed research will produce a robust and comprehensive molecular phylogeny for the genus Suillus using phylogenomics techniques novel to the field of mycology. Complementary broad sequencing of pine genomes will also provide useful data in which to advance genomics of pines both within and outside of this project. Additional research products will include the generation of least five more genomes for Suillus (only two are currently available) and transcriptomes for multiple members of Suillus and the pines from EMF-colonized roots. Collectively, these molecular resources would be relevant across multiple disciplines: metabolic and signaling networks that participate in co-evolution and host specificity as well as fungal-host recognition, communication, and nutrient acquisition and exchanges. These products will be important for the fields of mycology, botany, ecology, and evolutionary biology.