Multi-physical and multi-scale theorectical-numerical modeling of the tire-pavement-interaction

为未来交通荷载设计耐久路面结构，一方面需要深入了解车辆、轮胎和路面下部结构内部的高度动态过程，以及超限期间发生的相应相互作用，另一方面需要预测由此对路面产生的长期影响。此外，车辆-轮胎-路面-系统结合了许多输入值，例如材料特性、气候影响、车辆的负载和驾驶条件，这些输入值不是先验地精确已知的，但是本质上影响耦合系统。因此，一个非确定性（不确定）的耦合系统建模是必需的，以获得路面损坏的相关影响因素。这一目标的复杂性只能在研究小组的框架内适当地捕捉。在该子项目的第一个项目期间，开发了一种数值有效的连续介质力学宏观和热机械有限元（FE）制定的耦合轮胎-路面相互作用模型，用于单次短期超限，该模型基于静态任意拉格朗日欧拉（ALE）制定以及粗糙路面上橡胶摩擦的多尺度模型。除了这些子模型的进一步发展，在本项目期间，这个子项目的一个主要目标是数值有效的处理和预测的长期结构行为的路面（车辙）通过时间多尺度分析。该模型必须捕捉多个重复的机械短时间的路面上的影响，以及气候效应的时间依赖于不同的温度场，由于昼夜交替，以及在一年中的季节。这种复杂的时间多尺度分析对于申请人的知识来说是新的。因此，长期特性的检查沥青，以及层粘结必须捕获的连续介质力学模型，这是开发的基础上，在子项目4和数值计算的微观沥青模型在子项目2中的实验研究。另一个主要目标是发展的敏感性和不确定性的路面行为相对于不确定的输入值以及识别的值，影响路面的耐久性最有针对性的优化基础的深刻理解。因此，路面模型的不确定性占发展。基本的和新的是捕捉不确定结果的空间依赖性，因为不确定的输入值对结果的影响对于路面结构中的每个点都是不同的。

The design of durable pavement constructions for future traffic loads requires on the one hand a deep understanding of the highly dynamic processes inside the substructures of the vehicle, the tire and the pavement as well as of the corresponding interactions occurring during the overrun and on the other hand the prediction of the resulting long-term consequences on the pavement. Further, the vehicle-tire-pavement-system incorporates a lot of input values, e.g. material properties, climatic influences, loading and driving conditions of the vehicles, which are not known exactly a priori but are influencing the coupled system essentially. Thus, a non-deterministic (uncertain) modelling of the coupled system is required in order to derive the relevant influencing factors for pavement damage. The complexity of this goal can only be captured appropriately in the framework of the research group. A numerically efficient continuum mechanical macroscopic and thermo-mechanical finite element (FE) formulation of the coupled tire-pavement interaction model for single short-term overruns based on a stationary Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation as well as a multiscale model of rubber friction on rough pavement surfaces were developed in the first project period of this subproject. Besides the further development of these submodels, one main goal of this subproject in the present project period is the numerically efficient treatment and prediction of the long-term structural behavior of pavements (rutting) by means of a temporal multiscale analysis. The model has to capture the multiple repeated mechanical short-time impacts on the pavement as well as the climatic effects in terms of time dependent varying temperature fields due to day-night alternation as well as the seasons during one year. Such a complex temporal multiscale analysis is new to the knowledge of the applicant. Therefore, the long-term characteristics of the examined asphalts as well as of the layer bond have to be captured by continuum mechanical models, which are developed based on experimental investigations in subproject 4 and numerical computations of the microscale asphalt model in subproject 2. One further main goal is the development of a profound understanding of the sensitivity and uncertainty of the pavement behavior with respect to the uncertain input values as well as the identification of the values that influence the durability of pavements most as base for targeted optimizations. Therefore, a pavement model accounting for uncertainties has to be developed. Essential and new is capturing the spatial dependence of the uncertain results, since the influence of the uncertain input values on the results differs for each point in the pavement structure.