German loan words in Polish dialects as a mirror of language contact: A multiple access dictionary on an online platform of German loans in other languages.

波兰方言中的德语借词作为语言联系的镜子：其他语言的德语借词在线平台上的多访问词典。

• 批准号: 415560513
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Gerd Hentschel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Slavistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/415560513?language=en
• 关键词: German; loan; words; Polish; dialects

The project aims to compile an electronic Dictionary of German loan words in Polish dialects (DicGlPd). The DicGlPd will be an lexicographic database integrated into the online Lehnwortportal Deutsch (LWPD) at the IDS Mannheim. This portal already comprises a historical dictionary of loans in Standard (Written) Polish (WDLP). The planned dictionary will be linked with this and other dictionaries of German loans in Slavic and other languages that have already been integrated into the LWPD. The material in the DicGlPd (as the whole LWPD) will be accessible via multiple search instruments, some of which are shared by all dictionaries in the LWPD, and some of which are specific to individual dictionaries. Apart from simple expression-based or word-based search options, the LWPD will allow advanced users to incrementally construct, in an intuitive visual query builder, complex queries possibly spanning multiple words, their various lexicographic attributes and relationships, optionally using Boolean operators, regular expressions etc. There is currently no lexicographic compendium of German loans in Polish dialects, although, firstly, German loans in Polish have been a topic in research for more than a century and, secondly, Polish is (roughly on a level with Czech and Slovene) probably the language with the highest number of German loans. Moreover, due to centuries of considerable levels of migration of speakers of German into Polish speaking areas there has been extensive language contact not only within elites or urban populations, but within rural populations / dialect speakers as well. An encompassing lexicographic description of German loans in Polish dialects has only now become possible due to the progress of work on the Słownik gwar polskich (SGP), a multi-volume dictionary of Polish dialects. The published volumes and the SGP’s huge card index will provide the central material basis for the planned dictionary. The SGP itself does not provide any information on the provenience of the words it contains.The planned dictionary will describe (a) loans on the expression and content plane, explicating formal variation and corresponding derived words as well as the formal and semantic correspondence or distance to the German etymon; (b) the distribution of the loans (all expression variants, all meanings) in the Polish dialectal space with cartographic representation according to a scheme that mirrors (i) the traditional dialectal division of Polish dialects and (ii) the time span during which Polish areas found themselves under German (speaking) rule. Furthermore, the degree of overlap between German loans in Written / Standard Polish and Polish dialects will be presented. The loans will be described in terms of their status as “insertions” (roughly new words for new things), “replacements” (of older words) or “coexistence” (with older words: synonymy or repartition of a “semantic space” between new loan and old word.)

该项目旨在编纂一部波兰方言德语借词电子词典（DicGlPd）。DicGlPd将是一个词典数据库，集成到IDS曼海姆的在线Lehnwortportal多伊奇（LWPD）中。该门户网站已经包含了一个标准（书面）波兰语（WDLP）的贷款历史词典。计划中的词典将与本词典和其他已纳入《劳动力市场法》的斯拉夫语和其他语言的德语贷款词典相联系。DicGlPd（作为整个LWPD）中的材料将通过多个搜索工具访问，其中一些是LWPD中所有词典共享的，其中一些是特定于单个词典的。除了简单的基于表达式或基于单词的搜索选项之外，LWPD将允许高级用户在直观的可视化查询构建器中逐步构建可能跨越多个单词的复杂查询，它们的各种词典属性和关系，可选地使用布尔运算符，正则表达式等。波兰语中的德语贷款是一个多世纪以来的研究课题，其次，波兰语（大致与捷克语和斯洛文尼亚语处于同一水平）可能是德语贷款数量最多的语言。此外，由于几个世纪以来，讲德语的人大量迁移到讲波兰语的地区，不仅在精英或城市人口中，而且在农村人口/方言使用者中也有广泛的语言接触。由于波兰方言的多卷词典《波兰语词典》（SGP）的工作进展，波兰方言中德语贷款的全面词典描述现在才成为可能。出版的书籍和SGP的大型卡片索引将为计划中的词典提供核心材料基础。SGP本身并不提供任何关于其所载词汇出处的信息，计划中的词典将描述（a）在表达和内容层面上的贷款，说明形式上的变化和相应的派生词，以及形式和语义上的对应关系或与德语词源的距离;（B）贷款的分配（所有表达变体，所有含义）在波兰方言空间与制图表示根据一个计划，反映（i）传统的方言划分波兰方言和（ii）在此期间，波兰地区发现自己在德国（讲）的统治时间跨度。此外，德国贷款书面/标准波兰语和波兰方言之间的重叠程度将被提出。这些贷款将按照它们的状态被描述为“插入”（大致是新事物的新词）、“替换”（旧词）或“共存”（与旧词：同义或在新借词和旧词之间重新划分“语义空间”）。