Pottery traditions as a mirror of social structures of the 5th and 4th millennium BC in northern Central Europe

陶器传统是公元前五世纪和四世纪中欧北部社会结构的镜子

• 批准号: 438036891
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hauke Jöns
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Niedersächsisches Institut für historische Küstenforschung (NIhK)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/438036891?language=en
• 关键词: Pottery; traditions; mirror; social; structures

For several decades, the transition from hunter-gatherer cultures to agrarian societies and their consolidation during the Neolithic in northern Central Europe is one of the priorities within the settlement research. The main question often concerns the structural connections between settlements, tombs and ritual sites of the Funnel Beaker Culture in its different forms, most recently within the DFG SPP Monumentality and Social Differentiation. In this research, it has been confirmed that natural scientific analyses of pottery finds, in addition to typochronological studies, can highly contribute to gain new insights into the social organization within micro-regions of this period. Several pilot studies based on the analysis of the raw materials used for making pottery have shown how local networks were constructed and provided information about the existence and extent of interactions among settlements. In addition, it is also possible to make statements about the spatial involvement of monuments. Furthermore, non-locally produced, foreign vessels can be used to receive important indications of supra-regional communication connections. Another great potential of pottery analyses is the possibility to characterize the transition between successive cultures, such as the ceramic phase of the Ertebølle Culture and the early Funnel Beaker Culture. Thus, they provide independent, reliable information which should also be included in the interpretation of aDNA studies on human and animal skeletal remains. In this regard, the proposed project intends to make detailed and comparative analyses of pottery inventories from settlements, monuments and flat grave cemeteries from seven micro-regions, which are located between the Netherlands, the Danish islands and the Oder region. Together with the already conducted investigations of the SPP Monumentality the micro-regions cover large parts of the distribution area of the Funnel Beaker Culture. Only regions were selected in which intensive research activities on the transition from the late Mesolithic to the Funnel Beaker Culture or on the Funnel Beaker Culture itself have taken place during the last decades, so that these regions already offer optimal conditions for a holistic evaluation of the obtained pottery data. For example, it is possible to refer to landscape reconstructions, numerous 14C-datings and typological pottery studies for the individual regions and to use these data for the interpretation of the newly achieved results. Against this background, it can be expected, that the project will make a substantial contribution to the reconstruction of space utilization and social organization during the 5th and 4th millennium BC in northern Central Europe.

几十年来，中欧北部新石器时代从狩猎采集文化向农业社会的转变及其巩固是定居点研究的重点之一。主要问题通常涉及不同形式的漏斗烧杯文化的定居点、坟墓和仪式场所之间的结构联系，最近在 DFG SPP 纪念碑性和社会分化中。在这项研究中，已经证实，除了类型年代学研究之外，对陶器发现的自然科学分析可以极大地有助于获得对这一时期微观区域内社会组织的新见解。基于对陶器制造原材料分析的几项试点研究表明了当地网络是如何构建的，并提供了有关聚落之间相互作用的存在和程度的信息。此外，还可以对纪念碑的空间参与进行陈述。此外，非本地生产的外国船只可用于接收跨区域通信连接的重要指示。陶器分析的另一个巨大潜力是能够描述连续文化之间的过渡，例如埃尔特伯勒文化的陶瓷阶段和早期漏斗烧杯文化。因此，它们提供了独立、可靠的信息，这些信息也应包含在对人类和动物骨骼遗骸的 aDNA 研究的解释中。在这方面，拟议的项目打算对位于荷兰、丹麦群岛和奥德地区之间七个小区域的定居点、纪念碑和平墓地的陶器库存进行详细和比较分析。连同已经进行的 SPP 纪念碑调查，这些微区域覆盖了漏斗烧杯文化分布区域的大部分。仅选择了在过去几十年中对中石器时代晚期向漏斗烧杯文化的过渡或漏斗烧杯文化本身进行过深入研究活动的地区，因此这些地区已经为对所获得的陶器数据进行整体评估提供了最佳条件。例如，可以参考各个地区的景观重建、大量 14C 测年和类型学陶器研究，并使用这些数据来解释新取得的结果。在此背景下，可以预见，该项目将为公元前五世纪和四千年期间中欧北部的空间利用和社会组织的重建做出重大贡献。