Development of Substitutes for Biomedical Materials Derived from Animals

来自动物的各种材料，如干燥的人硬脑膜、纤维蛋白胶和牛心包条，已被用于外科手术。它们有感染病毒和/或普恩病毒的风险。世界卫生组织建议，牛和其他动物物种也应该避免使用外科手术。在这项研究中，我们开发了使用合成材料的替代物。牛心包条：用聚(L-乳酸-己内酯)膜制作了一种新的支架，并通过在犬模型上进行肺减容手术来检验其作为吻合线加固的有效性。没有观察到狗的死亡、感染、急性和长期的空气泄漏，以及与使用它有关的任何并发症。结果表明，由L/炭薄膜制成的丁苯胶是一种很有前途的缝合线增强材料。纤维蛋白胶：考察了N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺活化聚(L-谷氨酸)和明胶组成的聚合物溶液对作为纤维蛋白胶的替代物。…更重要的是，这种组合在很短的时间内形成了一种凝胶，可以与商业纤维蛋白胶相媲美。明胶与天然组织的粘接强度高于纤维蛋白胶。利用鸡的粘附性模型，评价了明胶膜：聚(L-乳酸-己内酯)多孔膜和透明质酸溶液的粘附性。显微镜检查显示粘连形成明显减少。力学测试显示其对手指活动度有显著影响。骨：引入椎间融合器，实现颈椎前路椎间融合术。骨被塞入椎笼中，以增加相邻椎体之间的愈合率。本研究将人工合成陶瓷磷酸三钙(TCP)与重组人骨形成蛋白-2(BMP-2)复合，在犬腰椎模型上作为骨移植的替代物。Tcp和BMP-2填充的Cage获得了良好的组织学和力学效果。结果与自体骨笼的结果相当或更好，这表明不需要采集髂骨或使用同种或异种移植物。较少

Various materials derived from animals, such as dry human dura mater, fibrin glue and bovine pericardium strips, have been used in surgery. Those have a risk of virus and/or prion infection. The World Health Organization recommended that bovine and other animal species should likewise be avoided from surgical usage. In this study, we developed substitutes using synthetic materials.Bovine pericardium strip : A new buttress was made using a poly(l-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) film and its effectiveness as a staple-line reinforcement was examined by performing lung volume reduction operation on a canine model. Death of dogs, infection, acute and prolonged air leaks, and any complications related to its use were not observed. The results indicate that the buttres made of an L/C film is a promising staple-line reinforcement material.Fibrin glue : A polymer solution pair composed of N-hydroxysuccinimide activate poly(L-glutamic acid) and gelatin was examined as a substitute for fibrin glue. … More The combination formed a gel within a short time comparable to a commercial fibrin glue. The bonding strenght of the new glue with natural tissue was higher than that of fibrin glue.Gelatin films : Effects of poly(L-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) porous membrane and hyaluronic acid solution were evaluated using an adhesion model produced in chickens. It showed a marked reduction of adhesion formation by microscopic examination. Mechanical test showed that it had a significant effect on mobility of digits.Bone : An interbody fusion cage was introduced to achieve cervical anterior interbody fusion. Bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies. In this study a synthetic ceramic, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was examined as a substitute for the bone graft in the canine lumbar spine model. Good histologic and mechanical results were obtained for cages filled with TCP and BMP-2. The results were comparable or superior to those for autograft-filled cages suggesting that there is no need to harvest iliac bone or to use allografts or xenografts. Less