Development of Substitutes for Biomedical Materials Derived from Animals

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Various materials derived from animals, such as dry human dura mater, fibrin glue and bovine pericardium strips, have been used in surgery. Those have a risk of virus and/or prion infection. The World Health Organization recommended that bovine and other animal species should likewise be avoided from surgical usage. In this study, we developed substitutes using synthetic materials.Bovine pericardium strip : A new buttress was made using a poly(l-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) film and its effectiveness as a staple-line reinforcement was examined by performing lung volume reduction operation on a canine model. Death of dogs, infection, acute and prolonged air leaks, and any complications related to its use were not observed. The results indicate that the buttres made of an L/C film is a promising staple-line reinforcement material.Fibrin glue : A polymer solution pair composed of N-hydroxysuccinimide activate poly(L-glutamic acid) and gelatin was examined as a substitute for fibrin glue. … More The combination formed a gel within a short time comparable to a commercial fibrin glue. The bonding strenght of the new glue with natural tissue was higher than that of fibrin glue.Gelatin films : Effects of poly(L-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) porous membrane and hyaluronic acid solution were evaluated using an adhesion model produced in chickens. It showed a marked reduction of adhesion formation by microscopic examination. Mechanical test showed that it had a significant effect on mobility of digits.Bone : An interbody fusion cage was introduced to achieve cervical anterior interbody fusion. Bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies. In this study a synthetic ceramic, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was examined as a substitute for the bone graft in the canine lumbar spine model. Good histologic and mechanical results were obtained for cages filled with TCP and BMP-2. The results were comparable or superior to those for autograft-filled cages suggesting that there is no need to harvest iliac bone or to use allografts or xenografts. Less