The Berlin-Brandenburg Air Study – a natural experiment investigating health effects from changes in airport-related exposures (BEAR Follow-up Study)

柏林-勃兰登堡空气研究 – 一项自然实验，调查机场相关暴露变化对健康的影响（BEAR 后续研究）

• 批准号: 461082230
• 负责人: Dr. Josef Cyrys, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Epidemiologie (EPI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/461082230?language=en
• 关键词: Berlin; Brandenburg; Air; Study; natural

Ambient ultrafine particles (UFP) may impose a substantial risk to human health. Recent studies have shown that UFP concentrations in ambient air are substantially elevated near large airports. Until now, evidence on the health effects of aircraft-related UFP (AC-UFP) in humans is scarce with only one ongoing study reporting associations with respiratory symptoms and lung function.Currently, Berlin has two operating airports (Tegel Airport (TXL) and Schönefeld Airport (SFX)). TXL will be shut down in October 2020 and air traffic will migrate within a few weeks to the newly opened Airport Berlin-Brandenburg (BER). Our central hypothesis is that a reduction of AC-UFP and other airport-related exposures in the vicinity of Tegel will be associated with improved pulmonary and neurocognitive development, and that the increase in AC-UFP and other airport-related exposures in the vicinity of BER will be associated with adverse pulmonary and neurocognitive development in children. We currently conduct UFP measurements and a baseline health examination in a panel of 800 elementary schoolchildren (in their schools) in the areas downwind of TXL and around BER as well as in a control area (BEAR Baseline Study). Here, we propose to continue the ongoing measurements of pulmonary, cardiovascular and neurocognitive function and quality of life, and the UFP assessment including concurrent measurements of particle size distribution and co-pollutants at fixed monitoring sites and mobile particle counters at the study schools. Next to short-term effects, the statistical analyses will focus on the analysis of lung growth and neurocognitive development, taking into account the role of aircraft noise, other transportation noise, and neighbourhood socioeconomic status in mediating and / or confounding the effect. This study will provide unique and scientifically robust evidence on the health effects of airport-related exposures. Due to the COVID-19-related lockdown, the exposure decreased earlier than expected at the inner-city airport and examinations were delayed due to school closures. We respond to these limitations by using data from a source-specific UFP chemistry transport model to asses exposure to UFP for several years before and after relocation, using a second field team, enlarging the study population including also areas west of BER, and by extending the observation period to be able to asses short- and long-term health effects.

环境超细颗粒物（UFP）可能对人体健康造成重大风险。最近的研究表明，在大型机场附近，环境空气中的UFP浓度大幅升高。到目前为止，有关飞机相关UFP（AC-UFP）对人类健康影响的证据还很缺乏，只有一项正在进行的研究报告了与呼吸道症状和肺功能的相关性。目前，柏林有两个运营机场（泰格尔机场（TXL）和舍内菲尔德机场（SFX））。TXL将于2020年10月关闭，空中交通将在几周内迁移到新开放的柏林-勃兰登堡机场（BER）。我们的中心假设是，Tegel附近AC-UFP和其他机场相关暴露的减少将与肺部和神经认知发育的改善相关，而BER附近AC-UFP和其他机场相关暴露的增加将与儿童的肺部和神经认知发育不良相关。我们目前进行UFP测量和基线健康检查的小组800名小学生（在他们的学校）在该地区的下风TXL和周围的BER以及在控制区（BEAR基线研究）。在这里，我们建议继续进行肺，心血管和神经认知功能和生活质量的测量，以及UFP评估，包括在固定监测点和移动的粒子计数器在研究学校的颗粒大小分布和共污染物的并行测量。除了短期效应，统计分析将重点分析肺生长和神经认知发育，同时考虑飞机噪声、其他交通噪声和社区社会经济地位在介导和/或混淆效应中的作用。这项研究将为机场相关暴露对健康的影响提供独特和科学可靠的证据。由于COVID-19相关的封锁，内城机场的风险比预期提前下降，考试因学校关闭而推迟。我们通过使用特定来源的UFP化学运输模型的数据来评估搬迁前后几年暴露于UFP的情况，使用第二个现场小组，扩大研究人群，包括BER以西的地区，并延长观察期，以评估短期和长期的健康影响，从而应对这些限制。