Mechanically Engineered Devices with Micro- and Nano Structures for Reconstructions of Locomotory Organs

1.经皮装置和牙种植体的生物附着为了提高经皮装置和牙种植体的性能，制备了一种模型样品，该样品表面具有周围组织的胶原纤维自发锚定的微观结构。使用大鼠的植入试验表明，所有没有微结构的样本从皮肤中脱落，然而，具有微结构的样本从皮肤中脱落的数量明显较少。此外，组织学观察表明胶原纤维锚定到微surtucture2。人工韧带与骨隧道的生物学固定为了改善人工韧带与骨隧道的锚固，制备了具有稀疏纤维结构的非织造聚酯织物样品，其中骨长入纤维之间的间隙中。植入大鼠股骨的标本表现出显着更大的锚定和骨长入甲壳素涂层标本比非涂层标本。证明了甲壳素涂层的有效性.具有力学生物相容性的小直径动脉再生制备了与天然动脉具有相似力学顺应性的生物支架。将支架植入大鼠颈总动脉。植入4周后，支架通畅，管腔被内皮细胞覆盖。因此，我们提出了利用具有力学生物相容性和材料生物相容性的生物支架重建小直径动脉的可能性.周围神经的再生我们研制了生物材料和生物可吸收合成聚合物相结合的周围神经再生装置。发现实现足够强度的装置以维持内腔的结构对于再生至关重要。

1. Biological attachment of percutaneous devices and dental implantsFor the improved performance of percutaneous devices and dental implants, a model specimen was prepared which had the microstructure on the specimen surfaces to which collagen fibers of surrounding tissues anchors spontaneously. Implantation tests using the rats demonstrated that all of the specimens without the microstructure dropped out from the skin, however, significantly less number of specimens with the microstructure were dropped out of skin. Further, histological observation demonstrated the anchoring of collagen fibers to the microsurtucture2. Biological fixation of the artificial ligaments to bone tunnelsFor the improved anchorage of the artificial ligaments to bone tunnels, nonwoven polyester fabrics specimens with sparse fiber structure were prepared, in which bone ingrowth into the space between the fibers was expected. Implantation of the specimen into the femur of rat demonstrated significant greater anchorage and bone ingrowth in the chitin coated specimens than noncoated specimens. Thus efficacy of chitin coating was proved.3. Regeneration of small diameter arteries with mechanical biocompatibilityAccelularized bioscaffolds which have the similar mechanical compliances with natural arteries were prepared. The scaffolds were implanted to the common carotid artery of rat. After 4 weeks implantation, the scaffolds were found patent and inner lumen was covered by the endothelial cells. Thus we suggested the possibility of reconstruct small diameter arteries with the bioscaffolds having the mechanical biocompatibility as well as material biocompatibility.4. Regeneration of peripheral nerveThe devices combining biological materials and bioabsorbable synthetic polymers were developed for the regeneration of peripheral nerves. The structure to realize the enough strength of devices to maintain the inner cavity was found crucial for the regeneration.