Cytochemical analysis on the mechanisms of biosynthesis and action of steroid hormones.

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(1) Immunocytochemical localization of 5 alpha-reductase was studied in various tissues using polyclonal antibodies against type 1 and 2 isozymes.(2) In the rat anterior pituitary, type 1 isozyme was present in the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum of gonadotrophs.(3) In the rat adrenal cortex, zonae fasciculata-reticularis cells contain 5 alpha-reductase type 1. The expression of the enzyme increased in the castrated animals. This indicates that sex steroids play a role in the regulation of corticoids secretion and metabolism.(4) In the rat adrenal medulla, 5 alpha-reductase type 1 was present in the supporting cells surrounding chromaffin cells and Schwann cells around nerve fivers.(5) Steroid 5 alpha-reductase was present in the satellite cells in the ganglions in addition to Schwann cells.(6) In the human prostate, seminal vesicle and vas deferens, type 2 isozyme was present in the basal epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the interstitial tissue.(7) Leucocyte type arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase was immunolocalized in the secretory cells of pig anterior pituitary gland and neutrophils of dog.(8) Platelet type arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase was immunocytochemically localized in the plateletes and eosinophils of the peripheral blood, megakaryocytes of the bone marrow, and keratinocytes of the epidermis.