Relative dielectric constant measurement system for natural soil in microwave region

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An open-ended coaxial probe and its data processing method are developed for measuring the dielectric constant of natural soil. An equivalent circuit of the probe is built based on its geometry, and relations among the reflection coefficient(measurement), the complex dielectric constant of the medium filled in the probe and others are derived. Using the relations, a relative dielectric constant of the medium is calculated. Measurements of real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant with different water contents are demonstrated. In radar remote sensing, measurement of soil water content is an important issue, where the relation, radar backscatter⇔dielectric constant⇔water content is utilized. The dielectric constant is directly related to microwave scattering, and furthermore this probe and method are applicable for liquid media. This research is expected to expand its use in the field of microwave scattering.