Analysis of the effects of the nutritional composition on obesity, glucose and lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis

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The effects of staple foods on the postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia differed between rice and white bread in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eating white rice significantly raised postprandial glucose level in comparison with eating white bread. On the other hand, eating white bread significantly raised postprandial triglycerides level more than eating white bread. These data suggest that source of carbohydrate affect not only postprandial glucose level but also postprandial hyperlipidemia.Intima-media thickness (IMT) in carotid ultrasound could predict coronary artery disease detected by coronary CT angiography. There was no association between coronary artery plaque and serum fatty acid composition, although sample size of this study was small. A prospective study in large sample size is needed to investigate the relationship between coronary artery disease and serum fatty acid composition.