EVALUATION OF DRUG METABOLIZING STATUS BY CARBON DIOXIDE BREATH TESTS

对咖啡因、低血压预测的初步检验 提取定量药物(0.1)应作为更灵敏的探针 酶诱导率高于高萃取率药物美沙西丁 (0.9)，当测量代谢物(CO2)的排泄量时，已经被 被执行。分别给8名健康受试者注射单剂量的 志愿者和9名接受苯妥英钠治疗的癫痫患者， 卡马西平和/或苯巴比妥。空气中的13C二氧化碳 呼气采用同位素比值质谱仪进行测量。 2小时内以二氧化碳形式排出的剂量百分比。是 对比：3.22%脓液减0.86%和5.54%脓液+1.59 咖啡因分别由对照组和患者排出， 而正负5.8%和正负4.2分别为28.6%和40.0% 美沙西丁。两个受试者组的结果显著 两种探头不同(P<0.05)。这些数据不会 支持了理论上的预测，即A的萃取率 药物对其检测的有效性有至关重要的作用 通过二氧化碳呼气诱导氧化代谢 测试。 乙醇的药物遗传学已经通过 术中及术后血液中乙醇浓度的测定 四次口服给药和一次静脉滴注给四个健康人 志愿者。口服两小时后的早餐摄入量 给药打乱了平稳进入稳定状态的过程 不能解释为简单的延迟的浓度 吸收。数据表明食物对人的健康有显著影响。 乙醇的生物利用度可能是由于胃的增加 清空时间。

Preliminary testing of the prediction that caffeine, a low extraction ration drug (0.1) should be a more sensitive probe of enzyme induction than methacetin, a high extaraction ratio drug (0.9), when excretion of a metabolite (CO2) is measured, has been carried out. A single dose of each was administered to 8 healthy volunteers and 9 epilepsy patients treated with phenytoin, carbamazepine and/or phenobarbital. The 13C carbon dioxide in expired breath was measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The percentages of the dose excreted as CO2 in 2 hr. were compared: 3.22% pus minus 0.86 and 5.54% plus minus 1.59 caffeine was excreted by controls and patients, respectively, compared with 28.6% plus minus 5.8 and 40.0% plus minus 4.2 methacetin. The results in the 2 subject groups were significantly different for both probes (P less than .05). These data do not support the theoretical prediction that the extraction ratio of a drug has a critical effect upon its usefulness in detection of induction of oxidative metabolism via the carbon dioxide breath test. The pharmacokenetics of ethanol have been studied by measurement of blood ethanol concentrations during and after four oral dosing rates and one intravenous infusion to four healthy volunteers. The consumption of breakfast after two hours of oral dosing disrupted the smooth approach to steady state concentrations which cannot be explained as a simple delay in absorption. The data indicate a significant effect of food upon the bioavailability of ethanol probably due to increase in stomach emptying time.