FACTORS DETERMINING MAXIMAL EXERCISE PERFORMANCE IN MAN

决定人类最大运动表现的因素

• 批准号: 3821468
• 负责人: J L FLEG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3821468
• 关键词: aging; blood lipid; body composition; body physical activity; body weight; cardiography; cardiovascular stress test; catecholamines; clinical chemistry; creatinine; electrocardiography; excretion; exercise; gender difference; glucose tolerance test; heart disorder diagnosis; heart imaging /visualization /scanning; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; intracardiac volume; myocardial ischemia /hypoxia; oxygen consumption; radionuclide diagnosis; radiotracer; thallium

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) during treadmill exercise has been performed in nearly 700 BLSA volunteers over the past 7 years. In a carefully selected nonobese group of 83 men and 101 women without exercise-induced ischemia, VO2max expressed in ml/kg body weight/min declined sharply with age (men: VO2max = 54.9-0.39 age, r2 = .60; women: VO2max = 41.0-0.25age, r2 = .50, both p less than .0001). After normalization for 24 hour urinary creatinine excretion, an index of total body muscle mass, the age decline in VO2max was markedly attenuated in both sexes (men: r2 = .14, women: r2 = .08). To determine the role of physical activity is preserving functional capacity with advancing age, we have measured VO2max, body composition, blood lipid, glucose tolerance, and cardiac volumes at rest, during maximal treadmill exercise in 19 highly trained men 60-76 years old. Whereas VO2max (51 plus/minus 1 versus 30 plus/minus 2 and HDL cholesterol (59 plus/minus 3 versus 49 plus/minus 3) were significantly higher than in age matched nonathletic controls, plasma LDL, fasting and 2 hour postcardial glucose were lower. Preliminary data during upright bicycle exercise suggest that both L ventricular end diastolic volume and stroke volume are greater and heart rate lower at any submaximal load than n control subjects. The metabolic effects of relatively prolonged submaximal treadmill exercise is being studied in normal BLSA men. Preliminary results suggest a significant age-related augmentation of plasma catecholamines after 45-60 minutes of exercise, similar to that previously found in BLSA men during short-term maximal treadmill testing. The response to maximal upright bicycle exercise in over 30 BLSA subjects with exercise- induced myocardial ischemia detect by ECG or thallium scan is being compared with that of age-related nonischemic BLSA controls. Gender differences in the hemodynamic response to bicycle exercise are also being explored.

跑台运动中的最大耗氧量(VO2max) 在过去的7年里，在近700名BLSA志愿者中进行了表演 好几年了。在一个由83名男性和101名男性组成的精心挑选的非肥胖小组中 没有运动性缺血的女性，VO2max在 毫升/千克体重/分钟随年龄增长急剧下降(男性：最大摄氧量 =54.9-0.39岁，R2=0.60；女性：最大摄氧量=41.0-0.25岁，R2= .50，两者P均小于.0001)。在归一化24小时后 尿肌酐排泄量，身体总肌肉质量的一个指标， VO2max的年龄下降在男女中都明显减弱 (男性：R2=.14，女性：R2=.08)。确定…的角色 体力活动在前进中保持机能能力 年龄，我们测量了最大摄氧量，身体成分，血脂， 糖耐量和静息时的心脏容量 对19名60-76岁训练有素的男性进行跑步机锻炼。 而VO2max(51加/减1与30加/减2和高密度脂蛋白 胆固醇(59正/负3比49正/负3)是 显著高于年龄匹配的非运动对照组， 血浆低密度脂蛋白、空腹及餐后2小时血糖均降低。 自行车直立训练期间的初步数据显示， L的心脏舒张末容量和每搏量更大 在任何次最大负荷下，心率都低于对照组 研究对象。 相对延长的亚极量对人体代谢的影响 跑步机运动正在对正常的BLSA男性进行研究。 初步结果表明，与年龄有关的 45-60分钟后血浆儿茶酚胺的升高 锻炼，类似于之前在BLSA男性身上发现的 短期最大跑步机测试。对最大值的反应 30多名BLSA受试者的直立自行车运动 心电图或铊扫描检测到的诱发心肌缺血 与年龄相关的非缺血性BLSA的比较 控制。高血压患者血流动力学反应的性别差异 自行车运动也在探索之中。