Air quality benefits from multi-year changes in post-pandemic working and travel patterns

空气质量受益于大流行后工作和旅行模式的多年变化

• 批准号: NE/W00481X/1
• 负责人: James Lee
• 金额: $ 22.83万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW00481X%2F1
• 关键词: Air; quality; benefits; multi; year

Air quality is significantly affected by levels of economic activity and wider patterns of industrial and domestic consumption. Whilst lower air pollution was frequently reported as a short-term consequence of lockdown, less well quantified are the potential longer term improvements in urban air quality that may arise from more sustained shifts in behavioural patterns during the recovery phase and beyond. For example, these may arise from changed commuting modes, office and school times, and continuation of homeworking. Altered air pollution emissions in cities, even if only sustained for a few years, may deliver disproportionately front-loaded benefits. As the UK transitions towards transport electrification and older vehicles leave the fleet, it is in the years immediately following the pandemic that the largest benefits to air quality are likely to be felt. Lower air pollution during the lockdown phase of the pandemic was not surprising, with NO2 falling widely across the UK. More surprising has been the recent divergence between increasing traffic volumes and the rebound in pollution as restrictions on society have lifted. Understanding the mechanisms behind this, and the potential air quality and public health opportunities, lies at the heart of this proposal. This research is ideally conducted at a time once most the significant lockdown restrictions have been lifted and specifically once schools (and their related transport have resumed). It is therefore timed to begin towards the end of 2020. The real-world impacts of this research may be highly significant, allowing an evaluation changing urban emissions regimes.

空气质量受到经济活动水平以及更广泛的工业和家庭消费模式的显著影响。虽然空气污染减少经常被报告为封城的短期后果，但较难量化的是城市空气质量的潜在长期改善，这可能是由于在恢复阶段及以后的行为模式更持续的转变。例如，这些可能是由于通勤模式、办公室和学校时间的改变以及继续在家工作而引起的。城市空气污染排放的改变，即使只持续几年，也可能带来不成比例的前期效益。随着英国向交通电气化过渡，老旧车辆退出车队，空气质量的最大好处可能会在疫情后的几年内感受到。在大流行的封锁阶段，空气污染较低并不令人惊讶，英国各地的NO2普遍下降。更令人惊讶的是，随着社会限制的取消，交通量的增加和污染的反弹之间最近出现了分歧。了解这背后的机制，以及潜在的空气质量和公共卫生机会，是这一建议的核心。这项研究最好是在大多数重大封锁限制已经解除，特别是学校（及其相关交通工具已经恢复）的时候进行。因此，该计划定于2020年底开始。这项研究对现实世界的影响可能是非常重要的，允许评估改变城市排放制度。

项目成果

Changes in surface level NO2 in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to predicted 2020 concentrations and the impact on O3.

COVID-19 大流行期间英国地表 NO2 浓度与 2020 年预测浓度相比的变化以及对 O3 的影响。

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-8359
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Evans R

COVID-19 lockdowns highlight a risk of increasing ozone pollution in European urban areas

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-4169-2021
• 发表时间: 2021-03-18
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Grange, Stuart K.;Lee, James D.;Carslaw, David C.
• 通讯作者: Carslaw, David C.