EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUS

乙型和丙型肝炎病毒的流行病学和发病机制

• 批准号: 6547865
• 负责人: E TABOR
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: BUREAU OF HEALTH PLANNING AND RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6547865
• 关键词: China; DNA repair; Japan; antiviral antibody; blood transfusion; cellular oncology; clinical research; epidemiology; gene mutation; hepatitis B virus group; hepatitis C virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1; human tissue; immunocytochemistry; introns; pathologic process; tumor suppressor genes; virus infection mechanism; virus related neoplasm /cancer

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of chronic liver disease in the United States and a continuing regulatory challenge for ensuring the safety of the blood supply. The Miyazaki Cohort Study is an ongoing study of 973 people in an area of Japan where both HCV and the human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) are highly prevalent. Between 1985-1995, there were 14 seroconverters to antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) in this population (3.6 seroconverters per 1,000 person-years in previously seronegative persons). HCV-RNA was detectable in 10 of the seroconverters, and it remained detectable for greater than one year in eight of them. Both HCV and the hepatitis B virus may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma HCC) in some patients, often in association with mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Detection of mutations by direct sequencing provides more information than immunohistochemical (IH) staining, but the equipment needed and the time required make it less practical for use in large-scale studies or in studies in developing countries. In a study of 28 HCCs, 19 (68%) had 50 to 95% of cells stained. Mutations in p53 exons 5-8 were found by direct sequencing in 17 (61%), indicating a high level of sensitivity and specificity of IH compared to direct sequencing to detect mutant p53 in HBV-infected patients with HCC.

丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是美国慢性肝病的重要原因，也是确保血液供应安全的持续监管挑战。 宫崎队列研究是一项正在进行的研究，在日本的一个地区，HCV和人类T淋巴细胞病毒I型（HTLV-I）都高度流行的973人。 1985年至1995年间，该人群中有14例HCV抗体（抗HCV）血清转换者（以前血清阴性者中每1，000人年有3.6例血清转换者）。 HCV-RNA在10例血清转换者中可检测到，其中8例在1年以上的时间内仍可检测到。 HCV和B型肝炎病毒都可能导致某些患者发生肝细胞癌（HCC），通常与p53肿瘤抑制基因突变有关。 通过直接测序检测突变比免疫组织化学（IH）染色提供更多的信息，但所需的设备和所需的时间使其不太适用于大规模研究或发展中国家的研究。 在28例HCC的研究中，19例（68%）有50%至95%的细胞染色。 直接测序发现17例（61%）p53外显子5-8突变，表明与直接测序相比，IH检测HBV感染的HCC患者突变p53的灵敏度和特异性较高。