DIESEL PARTICLE EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER

描述：柴油机排气颗粒具有高度可吸入性， 吸附在其表面的致癌化合物。根据结果， 在大鼠的实验室研究和有限的证据，在人类，国际 癌症研究机构将柴油废气列为可能的人类 致癌物质。然而，对过去流行病学研究的解释 由于缺乏直接的柴油暴露措施， 随访时间不足。我们已经确定了一个独特的国家队列， 1985年雇用了55，750名长期卡车运输公司工人。我们建议 进行广泛的暴露评估，并评估暴露与 到2000年，柴油机废气与肺癌死亡率的关系。美国卡车 自1950年代初以来，车队已包括柴油车辆。因此有 卡车运输公司工人长期接触，至少20年 从第一次曝光。我们将使用暴露评估的结果， 沿着外部污染和卡车登记数据库， 柴油机废气暴露的预测模型，并形成分类分组 暴露水平。该模型将包括容易获得的因素 在公司人事记录中，如职位和终端特性， 暴露水平可以与每个员工联系起来。我们将评估 暴露时间、累积时间和暴露持续时间。我们将使用结果 从邮寄给所有在职员工的调查问卷中， 被吸烟搞糊涂了在这次回顾性随访中，我们将有80名 检测相对风险的功效百分比为1.25。这个庞大的群体提供了一个 检测（或反驳）可能的致癌作用的独特机会 基于动物毒理学和有限的流行病学研究的柴油废气。 此外，由于这些工人的接触范围包括 与一般人群相似，研究结果将与以下方面相关： 了解柴油机排放对普通人群肺癌的风险， 其他细颗粒物空气污染。

DESCRIPTION: Diesel exhaust particles are highly respirable with mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds adsorbed on their surface. Based on results from laboratory studies in rats and limited evidence in humans, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified diesel exhaust as a probable human carcinogen in 1989. However, the interpretation of past epidemiologic studies has been limited due to lack of direct measures of diesel exposure and insufficient years of follow-up. We have identified a unique national cohort of 55,750 long-term trucking company workers employed in 1985. We propose to conduct an extensive exposure assessment and assess the association of exposure to diesel exhaust with lung cancer mortality through 2000. The US trucking fleet has included diesel vehicles since the early 1950s. Therefore, there are trucking company workers with long duration of exposure and at least 20 years since first exposure. We will use the results from the exposure assessment, along with external databases of pollution and truck registrations, to develop a prediction model for diesel exhaust exposure and form categorical groupings of exposure levels. The model will include factors that are readily available in company personnel records such as job title and terminal characteristics so that exposure levels can be linked to the individual employees. We will assess ever-exposure, cumulative and duration of exposure. We will use the results from a questionnaire mailed to all current workers to control for potential confounding by smoking. In this retrospective follow-up, we will have 80 percent power to detect a relative risk of 1.25. This large cohort provides a unique opportunity to detect (or refute) suggested carcinogenic effects of diesel exhaust based on animal toxicology and limited epidemiologic studies. Furthermore, since the range of exposure in these workers includes levels similar to the general population, the findings will be relevant to understanding general population risk of lung cancer from diesel emissions and other fine particulate air pollution.