Affective and Genomic Mediators of Sustained Behavior Change

持续行为改变的情感和基因组调节因素

• 批准号: 8516598
• 负责人: BARBARA LEE FREDRICKSON
• 金额: $ 51万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-28 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8516598
• 关键词: Adherence; Adopted; Affect; Affective; Attention; Awareness; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Blood Pressure; C-reactive protein; Cessation of life; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Complement; Complement 2; Conscious; Dancing; Educational process of instructing; Elderly; Emotional; Feedback; Gene Expression; Genetic Polymorphism; Genomics; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Promotion; Health behavior; Human; Individual; Inflammation; Intervention; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Learning; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Link; Long-Term Effects; Longevity; Love; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Meditation; Mental Depression; Modeling; Nature; Neuraxis; Outcome; Oxytocin; Pain; Pathway interactions; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Placebo Control; Plant Roots; Positioning Attribute; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Relaxation Techniques; Research; Resources; Rest; Risk; Running; Science; Self-control as a personality trait; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Sinus Arrhythmia; Stress; System; Testing; Time; Translating; Translational Research; Walking; Work; Yoga; base; behavior change; biological systems; blind; clinical practice; evidence base; forging; improved; indexing; innovation; longitudinal design; middle age; mindfulness meditation; positive emotional state; premature; programs; public health relevance; research study; respiratory; response; skills; social genomics; theories; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People's day-to-day behavioral choices - including how to respond to stress and whether to be physically active - accumulate and compound to set their health risks and life expectancies. Indeed, two of every five premature deaths in the U.S. can be linked to unhealthy and ultimately modifiable behavioral choices. Despite good intentions to improve their health, people's attempts at midlife lifestyle change often fail, paving the way to late-life health limitations and costly chronic conditions. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to investigate how positive emotions alter biological systems in ways that ultimately reinforce sustained positive behavior change. An innovative upward spiral model of lifestyle change integrates the science of positive emotions with the emerging field of social genomics to describe pathways through which positive emotions may influence gene expression to undergird sustained behavior change. Specifically, we propose that positive emotions trigger peripheral biological changes that alter inflammation-related gene expression in ways that increasingly and implicitly reinforce wellness behaviors. Two studies - spanning laboratory and field - test this new model by targeting three Specific Aims. These aims are: (1) to identify peripheral biological resources and genetic polymorphisms that moderate the link between wellness behaviors and their positive emotion yield; (2) to identify the biological signaling pathways that mediate the proposed association between increases in positive emotions and changes in inflammation-related gene expression; and (3) to investigate the pathways through which increases in positive emotions influence changes in inflammation-related gene expression, sustained wellness behaviors, and associated health outcomes. Study 1 is a controlled laboratory study that investigates whether candidate peripheral biological resources (i.e., oxytocin, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, blood pressure, and C-reactive protein) and inflammation-related genetic polymorphisms moderate the positive emotion yield of wellness behaviors and thereby fuel upward spirals of healthy lifestyle change. Study 2 complements and extends this laboratory study, by testing the full scope of the upward spiral model of lifestyle change using a longitudinal, randomized, dual-blind, placebo-controlled field experiment with repeated measures of peripheral biological and genomic markers. This rigorous and validated longitudinal design is unprecedented in human social genomics research and can illuminate how wellness behaviors and biological health mutually reinforce one another. This program of translational research stands to forge a unified science of behavior change, reshape public health interventions, and unlock hidden opportunities to promote healthy longevity. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Unhealthy behavioral choices contribute to costly late life chronic diseases and premature death. Sustained positive behavior change is thus vital to promote healthy longevity, yet remains elusive. Understanding how positive emotions alter gene expression in ways that implicitly reinforce long-term adherence to positive health behaviors is needed to unlock evidence-based health interventions to promote health and save money and lives.

描述(申请人提供)：人们的日常行为选择-包括如何应对压力和是否进行体育锻炼-积累和复合，以设定他们的健康风险和预期寿命。事实上，在美国，五分之二的过早死亡可能与不健康的、最终可改变的行为选择有关。尽管人们有改善健康的良好意图，但人们改变中年生活方式的尝试往往失败，为晚年健康限制和代价高昂的慢性病铺平了道路。这项拟议的研究的首要目标是调查积极情绪如何改变生物系统，最终加强持续的积极行为改变。一种创新的向上螺旋式生活方式改变模型将积极情绪科学与新兴的社会基因组学领域相结合，描述了积极情绪可能影响基因表达的途径，以支持持续的行为变化。具体地说，我们认为积极的情绪会触发外周生物变化，从而改变炎症相关基因的表达，从而日益隐含地增强健康行为。两项研究--跨越实验室和现场--针对三个具体目标来测试这一新模型。这些目标是：(1)确定外围生物资源和遗传多态，以调节健康行为和积极情绪产生之间的联系；(2)确定调节积极情绪增加和炎症相关基因表达变化之间拟议关联的生物信号通路；以及(3)调查积极情绪增加影响炎症相关基因表达变化、持续健康行为和相关健康结果的途径。研究1是一项对照实验室研究，调查候选外周生物资源(即催产素、呼吸性窦性心律不齐、血压和C反应蛋白)和炎症相关基因多态是否会抑制健康行为的积极情绪产生，从而推动健康生活方式的向上螺旋变化。研究2补充和扩展了这项实验室研究，通过使用重复测量外围生物和基因组标记的纵向、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的现场实验来测试生活方式改变的螺旋上升模型的全部范围。这种严格和有效的纵向设计在人类社会基因组研究中是前所未有的，可以说明健康行为和生物健康是如何相互促进的。这一转化研究计划将打造一门关于行为改变的统一科学，重塑公共卫生干预措施，并释放促进健康长寿的隐藏机会。 与公共健康相关：不健康的行为选择会导致代价高昂的晚年、慢性病和过早死亡。因此，持续的积极行为改变对于促进健康长寿至关重要，但仍然难以捉摸。了解积极情绪如何以隐含地加强长期坚持积极健康行为的方式改变基因表达，是解锁基于证据的健康干预措施以促进健康、节省资金和生命所必需的。