The Role of Copper in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

铜在脑淀粉样血管病中的作用

• 批准号: 9305169
• 负责人: LISA M MILLER
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2017-05-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9305169
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s Disease; Amyloid; Amyloid Fibrils; Amyloid beta-Protein; Arteries; Automobile Driving; Binding; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cerebrovascular system; Cerebrum; Comorbidity; Comparative Study; Copper; Dementia; Deposition; Development; Disease; Elderly; Event; Exhibits; Familial Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Fluorescence Microscopy; Homeostasis; Human; Impaired cognition; In Vitro; Ions; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Light; Link; Mus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuronal Dysfunction; Oxygen; Pathogenesis; Pathologic; Pathology; Patients; Peptides; Play; Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Role; Senile Plaques; Source; Spectrum Analysis; Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Structure; Synchrotrons; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Tissue Sample; Transgenic Mice; Vascular Cognitive Impairment; Work; abeta accumulation; absorption; amyloid formation; amyloid pathology; arteriole; brain tissue; cerebral microvasculature; cerebrovascular; cerebrovascular amyloid; diagnostic biomarker; early onset; effective therapy; experimental study; insight; microvascular amyloid; mouse model; novel diagnostics; specific biomarkers

Vascular cognitive impairment & dementia (VCID) is defined as a form of dementia that is triggered by damage to cerebral blood vessels or cerebrovascular disease. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which is accumulation of amyloid ß-protein (Aß) within and along primarily small and medium-sized arteries and arterioles of the brain and in the cerebral microvasculature, is a common cerebral vascular condition that can cause VCID in the elderly. Not surprisingly, with the involvement of Aß, CAA is the most common vascular comorbidity found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Although there is evidence that both parenchymal plaque amyloid and cerebral microvascular amyloid can contribute to dementia in patients with AD and related disorders, there is growing recognition that the latter is a potent driver of cognitive impairment. Yet, the reasons as to why cerebral vascular amyloid forms and its contribution to downstream pathologies and early cognitive impairment remain unclear. Altered copper homeostasis has been considered an important factor in the neurodegenerative diseases. Earlier findings suggest that copper may play an important role in the formation of amyloid deposits and in subsequent neuronal dysfunction and cognitive impairment. However, relatively little is known about the accumulation of copper in cerebral vascular amyloid deposits, which are associated with early-onset VCID. Thus, the overall hypothesis of our proposal is that copper plays a role in driving fibrillar amyloid assembly in CAA and that the subsequent accumulation of copper in the cerebrovascular amyloid deposits promotes downstream pathologies and early- onset cognitive impairment. In order to test this hypothesis we propose to three specific aims. First, we will determine if vascular amyloid deposits exhibit high levels of copper compared to parenchymal amyloid plaques in post mortem human brain tissue samples of AD, sporadic CAA and familial CAA patients and in transgenic mouse models. Second, we will investigate the effects of copper on Aß fibril assembly. Third, we will determine the effects of increasing or reducing copper levels on the development of CAA, downstream pathologies and cognitive impairment in Tg-SwDI mice. Currently, there are no effective therapies or reliable biomarkers specifically for CAA. These deficiencies are complicated by our lack of understanding of the assembly and unique structural attributes of cerebral vascular amyloid and their distinctive features that lead to CAA formation and subsequent pathologies. The present proposal, focused on the role of copper in these events, will seek to fill this critical void in our knowledge and will advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of CAA and provide insight into the development of novel diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic interventions for CAA and VCID.

血管性认知障碍和痴呆（VCID）被定义为一种触发性痴呆