PA-18-591 Religiosity, Spirituality, Stress, Health and Mortality among Middle to Old Age Black Men (Supplement to Stress and Mortality Among Black Men)

项目摘要 黑人男性经历了非常高的社会和心理压力，从不利的社会和 制度性歧视和不公平待遇造成的经济环境。早期接触 压力及其在生命过程中的快速积累会导致疾病， 和过早死亡率。三次打击的概念（打击1：遗传易感性;打击2：早期- 生活环境;命中3：晚年环境）表明，黑人男性的健康状况不佳可能是一个功能， 累积压力、表观遗传机制和生物反应之间的相互作用。宗教信仰和 灵性已经被发现影响健康，这项研究的目的是研究宗教信仰如何影响健康。 （与有组织的宗教有关的实践）和灵性（个人对宗教的体验、意识和 影响压力及其对改善老年人福祉和长寿的影响 中年到老年的黑人这项拟议的研究将使用来自健康老龄化社区的数据， 生命周期多样性研究（HANDLS）和健康与退休研究（HRS），以指定模型 以生物心理社会学的观点为指导。具体目标是：1）调查独立社团 宗教信仰和灵性对压力的心理和行为反应，功能状态， 2）研究宗教信仰和精神信仰在心理和精神上的相互依存关系， 对压力、功能状态和死亡率的行为反应; 3）检查宗教信仰和 灵性的生物和基因组标记，以阐明潜在的基本机制， 调节压力和死亡率之间的关系。该项目的成果将推动我们的 宗教和精神信仰对最易过早死亡群体健康的影响。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 这项拟议中的研究将用于为随后的研究提供信息，这些研究重点是宗教信仰对健康的益处。 黑人的宗教和精神信仰可以导致高度可扩展的宗教和精神干预 不仅对黑人，而且可能对所有种族/民族和性别，而且成本低/无成本。

PROJECT SUMMARY Black men experience extremely high levels of social and psychological stress from unfavorable social and economic circumstances emerging from institutional discrimination and unfair treatment. Early exposure to stress and its rapid accumulation over the lifecourse can contribute to disproportionate risks for illness, disease and premature mortality among this population. The three-hit concept (hit 1: genetic predisposition; hit 2: early- life environment; hit 3: later-life environment) suggests that the poor health of Black men may be a function of interactions between cumulative stress, epigenetic mechanisms, and biological responses. Religiosity and spirituality have been found to impact health and the objective of this study is to examine how religiosity (practices associated with organized religion) and spirituality (individuals experiences with, awareness of, and connection to the transcendent) impact stress and its implications for improving the well-being and longevity of middle to old age Black men. This proposed study will use data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span Study (HANDLS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to specify models guided by a biopsychosocial perspective. The specific aims are to: 1) Investigate the independent associations of religiosity and spirituality on psychological and behavioral responses to stress, functional status, and mortality; 2) Investigate the interdependent relationships of religiosity and spirituality on psychological and behavioral responses to stress, functional status, and mortality; and 3) Examine the impact of religiosity and spirituality on biological and genomic markers to elucidate potential basic mechanisms through which they mediate the relationship between stress and mortality. Results from the proposed project will advance our understanding of religion and spirituality on health in the group most vulnerable to premature death. In addition, the proposed research will be used to inform subsequent studies focusing on the health benefits of religiosity and spirituality among Black men that can lead to religious and spiritual interventions which are highly scalable not only to Black men but potentially all racial/ethnic groups and genders, and at low/no cost.