ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HUMAN BIOSPECIMENS FOR DIPHR

校内人口健康研究司（DIPHR）就与人类生殖和发育、儿童和青少年健康和行为、孕妇护理等主题有关的各种主题进行研究。观察性和干涉性研究均由司内科学家设计和实施，大多数研究包括多方面的数据和生物标本收集。这包括人口的亚群体，如婴儿和儿童，他们的浓度可能比成年人更低。所有生物标本均采用批准的方案收集，并在nichd支持的存储库中进行去识别处理。收集范围广泛的生物标本类型，包括全血、血浆、血清、腹膜液、尿液、唾液、组织（如网膜脂肪）、器官（如胎盘）、头发、指甲、卵泡和精液、精液和新生儿血斑。该司进行的研究侧重于环境暴露与广义的人类生殖和发育之间的关系。该司将环境定义为非遗传环境，包括环境化学品、饮食和生活方式。在环境化学品范围内，持久性化学品（如金属和微量元素、有机氯农药、全氟化学品、多溴联苯、多氯联苯、多溴联苯醚）和非持久性化学品（如对羟基苯甲酸酯、酚类、邻苯二甲酸酯）都值得关注。值得注意的是，该部门的研究重点是新兴类别的化学物质，以及生活方式暴露和饮食的生物标志物。此外，该司的大部分研究通常需要复杂的报价方案，以便能够进行更多的生物医学实验室分析，以补充环境分析。例如，血浆样本可用于持久性化学物质的定量分析和代谢组学分析，而尿液样本可用于邻苯二甲酸盐等短寿命化学物质和生殖激素的分析。

The Division of Intramural Population Health Research (DIPHR) conducts research on a variety of topics pertaining to human reproduction and development, child and adolescent health and behaviors, and care of pregnant women among other topics. Both observational and interventional research is designed and implemented by Division scientists, and most research includes multi-faceted collection of data and biospecimens. This includes subgroups of the population such as infants and children, who are likely to have even lower concentrations than adults. All biospecimens are collected using approved protocols and are de-identified prior banking in NICHD-supported repositories. A wide range of biospecimen types are collected including whole blood, plasma, serum, peritoneal fluid, urine, saliva, tissue (e.g. omental fat), organs (e.g., placenta), hair, nails, follicular and seminal fluids, semen, and newborn blood spots. The Division conducts research focusing on the relationship between environmental exposures and human reproduction and development, as broadly defined. The Division defines environment as non-genetic, including environmental chemicals, diet, and lifestyle. Within the scope of environmental chemicals, both persistent (e.g., metals and trace elements, organochlorine pesticides, perfluorochemicals, polybrominated biphenyls, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers) and non-persistent (e.g. parabens, phenols, phthalates) chemicals are of interest. Of note is the Division’s research focusing on emerging classes of chemicals as well as biomarkers of lifestyle exposures and diet. Moreover, ophisticated aliquoting schemes are typically required for much of the Division’s research to enable additional biomedical laboratory analyses to compliment the environmental analyses. For example, a plasma sample may be used for the quantification of persistent chemicals and for metabolomic analyses, while a urine sample may be analyzed for both short-lived chemicals, such as phthalates, and for reproductive hormones.