Utilisation de l'hydrosulfite de sodium pour la conversion de la lignine issue de bioraffineries

连二亚硫酸盐的利用、钠的转化、生物炼油厂的木质素问题

• 批准号: 520268-2017
• 负责人: Lavoie, JeanMichel
• 金额: $ 3.17万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688750
• 关键词: Utilisation; de; hydrosulfite; sodium; pour

Since COP21, many industrialized countries have made strong commitments toward reducing their GHG emissions including Canada. Many option are available to this purpose including improving the efficiency of buildings as well as completely discarding coal as an energy source. However, transportation fuels are still one of the major producers of GHG in the country and to solve this situation, lesser options are actually available on the market. Of course, the increasing availability of electric cars is a net plus value for the reduction of GHG in transportation. However, in a country as large as Canada and with the actual limitation related to battery autonomy combined to the fact that electricity does not yet (nor for the next 10 years) apply to heavy transportation and aviation, there is still an important necessity for advanced renewable transportation fuels. At this point, the utilization of second generation biomass is constraint by two significant technological and economical challenges. One is the hydrolysis of cellulose, which is still economically challenging either when using enzymatic or chemical approaches for saccharification. In addition to cellulose, the second biggest challenge with the second-generation biofuel business is the conversion of lignin to added value products which was a problem 20 years ago and is still a major challenge today. Lignin is a refractory aromatic-based macromolecule which can be found in lignocellulosic biomass at concentrations varying from 15-35% with a high potential for the production of chemical feedstock. In this work, the utilization of sodium hydrosulfite, a compound known for its utilization in pulp and paper bleaching processes, will be used in order to produce valuable chemical products. Increasing the amount of monomers produced from such process, especially if it uses less severe conditions, will be beneficial for biorefineries which currently under estimates lignin as a low quality fuel.

自《联合国气候变化框架公约》第21届会议以来，包括加拿大在内的许多工业化国家都做出了减少温室气体排放的坚定承诺。为此，有许多选择可供选择，包括提高建筑物的效率，以及完全放弃煤炭作为能源。然而，运输燃料仍然是该国温室气体的主要生产者之一，为了解决这种情况，市场上实际上有更少的选择。当然，电动汽车的增加对减少交通运输中的温室气体排放是一个净加值。然而，在加拿大这样一个幅员辽阔的国家，加上与电池自主性相关的实际限制，再加上电力尚未(也不是未来10年)适用于重型运输和航空的事实，仍然有必要使用先进的可再生交通燃料。目前，第二代生物质的利用受到两个重大的技术和经济挑战的制约。其一是纤维素的水解，在使用酶或化学方法进行糖化时，这在经济上仍然具有挑战性。除了纤维素，第二代生物燃料业务面临的第二大挑战是将木质素转化为附加值产品，这在20年前是一个问题，今天仍然是一个重大挑战。木质素是一种难降解的芳香族大分子，存在于木质纤维生物质中，其浓度在15-35%之间，具有很高的化工原料生产潜力。在这项工作中，将使用亚硫酸钠，一种以在纸浆和纸张漂白过程中使用而闻名的化合物，以生产有价值的化学产品。增加这种工艺产生的单体数量，特别是如果它使用不那么苛刻的条件，将有利于生物炼油厂，目前估计木质素是一种低质量燃料。