The Mechanisms for Extratropical Atmospheric Response to SST Anomaly: Interaction Between Direct and Indirect Responses

这笔赠款旨在加深对热带外对热带海温异常的直接和间接反应的了解。这里的新奇之处在于将全球对热带海温异常的响应作为一个缓慢演变的动态过程来考察(而不是像以前的研究那样是一个稳定的过程)。间接响应包括将热带外瞬变涡旋组织成风暴路径异常的过程，以及随后在大尺度准定常波和风暴路径中异常的共生发展。在实践方面，这项研究对于用动力物理方法改进季节到年际气候预测是重要的，从理论上说，这是一项基础性研究，有助于更好地理解气候和天气长期演变中的动力过程。

This grant aims at achieving deeper understanding of the direct and indirect extratropical response to tropical SST anomalies. The novelty here is to examine the global response to tropical SST anomalies as a slowly evolving dynamical process (instead of a steady process as in the previous studies). The indirect response includes the process of organizing extra tropical transient eddies in to stormtrack anomalies and the subsequent symbiotic development of the anomalies in both large-scale quasi-stationary waves and storm tracks. In practical terms, this research is important for improving seasonal to interannual climate forecasting by dynamical physical methods and, in theoretical terms, this is basic research that leads to a better understanding of dynamical processes at work in the long range evolution of climate and weather.***