EAGER: Acoustic Wave Driven Parametric Electrical Resonators

超声波通常用于对未出生的婴儿进行身体深处的安全成像，并诊断从肝脏到心脏疾病的各种疾病。这开启了一种可能性，即它也可以用于为心脏起搏器和神经刺激器等医疗植入物提供动力。电容式设备，如麦克风，被广泛用于声音到电信号的转换，但它们被认为不适合植入，因为它们需要电池来充电。在本研究中，参数效应，就像一个孩子通过周期性的站立和蹲下来增加秋千的振荡大小，来研究消除这一限制。事实证明，在不需要电池的情况下，利用声波或超过一定阈值的机械输入来移动电容器的一个板，就可以在电路中启动这种振荡。初步分析表明，这种能量转换非常有效，可以用超声波远程为医疗设备供电，并且这种振荡可以在非常小的输入电平下启动，从而导致非常敏感的机械传感器用于能量收集，地震或水下传感。在这个项目中，这种独特方法的可能性和基本限制将通过实验和详细的模型来探索。本研究的目的是通过使用由声波驱动的电参数振荡器（谐振器）来测试一种完全不同的声功率传输和传感方法。除了优化功率传输效率外，还将通过分析基于耦合振荡器的参数系统和参数超共振的基本数学问题，探索声传感应用的参数放大和噪声压缩。将使用解析和数值分析方法。本项目将通过500kHz-2MHz范围内的超声实验，产生用于演示高效功率传输和模型验证的概念验证数据，以开发新型器件。将探讨电感和电阻调制在参数共振中的应用。如果成功，该项目通过利用非线性和共振，可以导致声转导的范式转变，到目前为止，声转导主要依赖于电容和压电器件的线性、无源特性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Ultrasound is routinely used for safely imaging unborn babies deep in the body and diagnosing a variety of illnesses from liver to heart diseases. This opens the possibility that it can also be used to power medical implants such as cardiac pacemakers and neural stimulators. Capacitive devices, like microphones, are widely used for sound to electrical signal conversion but they are deemed unsuitable for implants as they require batteries to charge them. In this research, parametric effect, like a child pumping a swing by periodically standing and squatting to increase the size of the swing's oscillations, is investigated to remove this limitation. It turns out that one move a plate of a capacitor using sound waves or mechanical input over a certain threshold level to start this type of oscillation in an electrical circuit without a need for a battery. Initial analysis shows that this energy conversion can be very efficient, leading to remotely powering medical devices with ultrasound, and this oscillation can be started potentially with very small input levels, leading to very sensitive mechanical sensors to be used for energy harvesting, seismic or underwater sensing. In this project, these possibilities and fundamental limits of this unique approach will be explored experimentally and through detailed models.The objective of this research is to test a radically different approach to acoustic power transfer and sensing through the use of electrical parametric oscillators (resonators) driven by acoustic waves. In addition to optimized power transfer efficiency, the parametric amplification and noise squeezing for acoustic sensing applications will be explored by analyzing the fundamental mathematical problem of coupled oscillator based parametric systems and parametric super-resonance. Both analytical and numerical analysis methods will be utilized. This project will generate the proof of concept data for demonstration of efficient power transfer and model verification to develop new type of devices through ultrasound experiments in 500kHz-2MHz range. Use of inductance and resistance modulation for parametric resonance will be explored. If successful, this project, by exploiting nonlinearity and resonance, can lead to a paradigm shift in acoustic transduction which heretofore depended predominantly on linear, passive properties of capacitive and piezoelectric devices.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.