Development of Substitutes for Biomedical Materials Derived from Animals

各种来源于动物的材料，如干的人硬脑膜、纤维蛋白胶和牛心包条，已被用于外科手术。这些人有感染病毒和/或朊病毒的风险。世界卫生组织建议，牛和其他动物物种同样应避免手术使用。在这项研究中，我们开发了使用合成材料的替代品。牛心包条：用聚l-乳酸-co-己内酯薄膜制作了一种新的支撑，并通过在犬模型上进行肺减容积手术来检验其作为订书线增强的有效性。没有观察到狗的死亡、感染、急性和长期空气泄漏以及与使用有关的任何并发症。结果表明，由L/C薄膜制成的扶垛是一种很有前途的短钉线增强材料。纤维蛋白胶：研究了一种由n -羟基丁二酰亚胺活化聚谷氨酸和明胶组成的聚合物溶液对作为纤维蛋白胶的替代品。这种混合物在短时间内形成了一种凝胶，与商业纤维蛋白胶相当。新型胶与天然组织的结合强度高于纤维蛋白胶。明胶薄膜：采用鸡黏附模型，评价聚l -乳酸-co-己内酯多孔膜和透明质酸溶液的作用。显微检查显示粘连形成明显减少。力学测试表明，它对手指的活动有显著的影响。骨：引入椎间融合器实现颈椎前路椎间融合。骨被装入骨笼以增加相邻椎体之间的愈合速度。本研究采用合成陶瓷磷酸三钙（TCP）结合重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2 （BMP-2）作为骨移植物在犬腰椎模型中的替代材料。填充TCP和BMP-2的笼获得了良好的组织学和力学结果。结果与自体移植物填充的笼子相当或优于自体移植物填充的笼子，这表明不需要采集髂骨或使用同种异体或异种移植物。少

Various materials derived from animals, such as dry human dura mater, fibrin glue and bovine pericardium strips, have been used in surgery. Those have a risk of virus and/or prion infection. The World Health Organization recommended that bovine and other animal species should likewise be avoided from surgical usage. In this study, we developed substitutes using synthetic materials.Bovine pericardium strip : A new buttress was made using a poly(l-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) film and its effectiveness as a staple-line reinforcement was examined by performing lung volume reduction operation on a canine model. Death of dogs, infection, acute and prolonged air leaks, and any complications related to its use were not observed. The results indicate that the buttres made of an L/C film is a promising staple-line reinforcement material.Fibrin glue : A polymer solution pair composed of N-hydroxysuccinimide activate poly(L-glutamic acid) and gelatin was examined as a substitute for fibrin glue. … More The combination formed a gel within a short time comparable to a commercial fibrin glue. The bonding strenght of the new glue with natural tissue was higher than that of fibrin glue.Gelatin films : Effects of poly(L-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) porous membrane and hyaluronic acid solution were evaluated using an adhesion model produced in chickens. It showed a marked reduction of adhesion formation by microscopic examination. Mechanical test showed that it had a significant effect on mobility of digits.Bone : An interbody fusion cage was introduced to achieve cervical anterior interbody fusion. Bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies. In this study a synthetic ceramic, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was examined as a substitute for the bone graft in the canine lumbar spine model. Good histologic and mechanical results were obtained for cages filled with TCP and BMP-2. The results were comparable or superior to those for autograft-filled cages suggesting that there is no need to harvest iliac bone or to use allografts or xenografts. Less