Lubrication Mechanism in Natural and Artificial Joints

本研究的目的是与九州大学、英国利兹大学和英国布拉德福德大学进行联合研究，以阐明自然关节和人工关节的润滑机理。联合研究的成员访问日本或英国进行相互讨论。此外，在访问期间，本研究项目的论文在国际会议上进行了介绍，即生物力学工程新领域国际会议，JSME，第一届世界摩擦学大会和世界医学物理与生物医学工程大会。在本联合研究中，结果如下：在天然滑膜关节的润滑机理方面，通过对滑膜关节弹性流动力润滑的数值分析和猪关节的摆摩擦性能实验评价，以及Langmui…More r-Blodgett膜或人工材料对关节软骨的滑动试验，探讨了滑膜关节自适应多模态润滑的基本机理。通过仿真试验对部分关节模型在行走过程中形成的流体膜进行了评价，并与数值结果进行了比较。在边界润滑能力方面，用不同浓度的透明质酸钠盐溶液澄清了磷脂和蛋白质的有效性。针对人工关节的润滑机理，采用仿真或滑动试验的方法，对聚氨酯、硅橡胶、聚乙烯醇（PVA）水凝胶和半互穿网络（SIPN）水凝胶等柔性人工软骨膝关节模型的液膜形成、摩擦磨损进行了研究。在相同接触面积的情况下，椭圆连接的膝关节假体在横向设计中，其液膜形成和行走时的摩擦性能优于纵向设计。通过对行走条件下流体膜形成的数值分析，讨论了这一事实。通过模拟试验，对现有金属、陶瓷和超高分子量聚乙烯人工关节的摩擦磨损性能进行了评价。综述了润滑油的材料性能、几何设计和成分对液膜形成的影响。少

The object of this research is to conduct the joint research between Kyushu University, The University of Leeds and University of Bradford to elucidate the lubrication mechanism in natural and artificial jointsMembers of this joint research visited Japan or United Kingdom for mutual discussion. Furthermore, during their visiting the presentations of papers on this research project were carried out at the international conferences, i.e., at the International Conference on New Frontiers in Biomechanical Engineering, JSME,the First World Tribology Congress and the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering.In this joint study, the following results were shown.On the lubrication mechanism in natural synovial joints, the fundamental mechanism in adaptive multimode lubrication was discussed on the basis of numerical analysis of elastohydrodynamic lubrication and experimental evaluation of frictional behavior by pendulum tests of porcine joints, and sliding tests for Langmui … More r-Blodgett film or artificial materials against articular cartilage. Fluid film formation in some joint models during walking was evaluated by simulator tests and compared with numerical results. On boundary lubricating ability, the effectiveness of phospholipids and proteins was clarified by using saline solutions of different concentration of sodium hyaluronate.On the lubrication mechanism in artificial joints, the fluid film formation, friction or wear in knee prosthesis models with compliant artificial cartilage such as polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyvinylalcohol (PVA) hydrogel and semi-interpenetrating network (SIPN) hydrogel were evaluated by sumulator or sliding tests. The knee prostheses of elliptical conjunction showed superiority in fluid film formation and frictional behavior during walking for transverse design to longitudinal one with the same contact area. This fact was discussed based on numerical analysis of fluid film formation under walking condition. The friction and wear in existing artificial joints composed of metal or ceramics and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene were evaluated by simulator tests. The influence of material properties, geometrical design and constituents of lubricants on fluid film formation were summerized. Less