Cytochemical analysis on the mechanisms of biosynthesis and action of steroid hormones.

(1)使用抗1型和2型同工酶的多克隆抗体研究了5 α-还原酶在各种组织中的免疫细胞化学定位。(2)在大鼠垂体前叶，促性腺激素细胞粗面内质网膜上存在1型同工酶。(3)在大鼠肾上腺皮质中，束状带网状细胞含有1型5 α-还原酶。酶的表达在去势动物中增加。这表明性类固醇激素在调节皮质激素分泌和代谢中起作用。(4)在大鼠肾上腺髓质，5 α-还原酶1型存在于嗜铬细胞周围的支持细胞和神经纤维周围的雪旺细胞。(5)类固醇5 α-还原酶存在于除了雪旺细胞的神经节中的卫星细胞。(6)在人前列腺、精囊和输精管中，2型同工酶主要分布于基底上皮细胞和间质平滑肌细胞。(7)白细胞型花生四烯酸12-脂氧合酶免疫定位于猪垂体前叶分泌细胞和狗中性粒细胞。(8)血小板型花生四烯酸12-脂氧合酶免疫细胞化学定位于血小板和嗜酸性粒细胞的外周血，骨髓的巨核细胞，表皮的角质形成细胞。

(1) Immunocytochemical localization of 5 alpha-reductase was studied in various tissues using polyclonal antibodies against type 1 and 2 isozymes.(2) In the rat anterior pituitary, type 1 isozyme was present in the membrane of rough endoplasmic reticulum of gonadotrophs.(3) In the rat adrenal cortex, zonae fasciculata-reticularis cells contain 5 alpha-reductase type 1. The expression of the enzyme increased in the castrated animals. This indicates that sex steroids play a role in the regulation of corticoids secretion and metabolism.(4) In the rat adrenal medulla, 5 alpha-reductase type 1 was present in the supporting cells surrounding chromaffin cells and Schwann cells around nerve fivers.(5) Steroid 5 alpha-reductase was present in the satellite cells in the ganglions in addition to Schwann cells.(6) In the human prostate, seminal vesicle and vas deferens, type 2 isozyme was present in the basal epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the interstitial tissue.(7) Leucocyte type arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase was immunolocalized in the secretory cells of pig anterior pituitary gland and neutrophils of dog.(8) Platelet type arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase was immunocytochemically localized in the plateletes and eosinophils of the peripheral blood, megakaryocytes of the bone marrow, and keratinocytes of the epidermis.