STUDY OF TIME SENSE, SPACE SENSE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF MAYA COMMUNITY

本研究的目的是利用研究电脑，分析马尼玛雅尤卡坦天主教社区的时间感、空间感和社会结构。我们分析了300个对祭坛图片的回应，证明了他们对家庭祭坛的评价与神圣形象所创造的奇迹密切相关，而对教堂祭坛的评价与上帝面前真诚的忏悔密切相关。他们对木棉树的评价与天主教不同。前者被认为是K' in（玛雅神）和Shitabai（玛雅魔鬼）的住所，后者是上帝和耶稣基督的身体。我们的调查发现了玛雅人在Chachac（祈雨仪式）仪式上的Goho（四个基点和中心）和Gohoshin（每个基点上有四个神，中心有一个神）的空间感。此外，马尼还存在着由革命带来的合生堂的居住部分/私有财产/公有财产的空间感。仪式亲属关系存在于摩尼族社会结构的核心。Compadrazgo不仅与母性方面有关，也与父性方面有关，融入社会经济联系和情感联系，甚至是第一任妻子的家庭和第二任妻子的家庭，以及超出自己社区的大朋友圈和熟人。同伴之间严禁发生性关系。我们参照教堂的历史文献对玛雅人的姓氏进行了研究，发现在玛雅社区和混血儿社区中都有明显的异族通婚趋势。玛雅人的后裔生活在与混血人居住区分开的地区，他们长期以来一直负责节日。我们分析了他们对帕兹照片的反应，发现他们后悔这么做了，其中60%的人这么做是出于贫困。

The aim of this study is to analyze, using a research computer, the time sense, space sense, and social structure of a Mayanyucatecan Catholic Community, Mani. Our analysis of 300 responses to the pictures of the altars proves that their evaluation of family altars is closely connected with miracles worked by sacred images and that of church altars connected with sincere repentance before God. Their evaluation of actun(cave)or ceiba trees differs from that of catholic churches. The former is believed to be the residence of K' in (Maya God) and Shitabai (Maya devil) and the latter the physical body of God and Jesus Christ. Our investigation discovered the Maya space sense of Goho (four cardinal points and the center) and Gohoshin (four gods at each cardinal point and one god in the center) in the ritual of Chachac, ritual to pray for rain. In addition, there exists the space sense of residential part/private property/communal property of ejido in Mani, which has been brought out by the Revolution.Compadrazgo, ritual kinship, exists in the core of social structure of Mani. Compadrazgo is related with not only maternal side but also paternal side to integrate into a socioeconomic association and emotional association even the family of the first wife and that of the second one, and large circle of friends and acquaintances beyond their own community. Sexualrelation is strictly prohibited between compadrazgo.Our study of Maya surnames with reference to the historical documents in the church found out a marked tendency to intermarriage within the Maya community as well as the mestizo community. The Maya descendants live a separated area from mestizo residential part and they have long been in charge of festivals.Our analysis of their responses to the pictures of pudz shows that they regret doing it and that 60% of them have been doing it out of their poverty.