Investigation of Japanese and German Idioms with part of body

在过去的二十年里，短语学在语言学中引起了相当大的兴趣，现在已经是词汇学的一个不小的部分。事实上，它不仅在德语语言学中，而且在其他语言中，已经成为一个独立的、非常重要的领域。外语习语的反语言学研究是短语学研究中最有趣的课题之一。反语言学研究的目的是弄清外语习语的共性。以往的习语对比研究是在欧洲语言学中发展起来的，研究的重点仅限于欧洲语言，如英语、法语、俄语和德语。非欧洲语言，例如日语和其他亚洲语言几乎从未成为人们关注的焦点。这些欧洲语言在文化和类型学方面彼此有很多历史联系。因此，可以肯定的是，这些语言中的习语在词汇、句法和语义层面上有许多相似之处。为了促进语法的对比研究，不仅要对欧洲语言进行比较，而且要对欧洲语言与非欧洲语言进行比较，弄清其他语言的共性和个性，这一点显得十分必要和重要。隐喻意义是两种语言中存在的习语（词汇-隐喻意义）和比喻习语的组成部分。通过研究发现，尽管德日习语在文化和类型上存在很大差异，但在习语中身体部位的词汇隐喻意义和比喻层面上却表现出许多相似之处。研究结果对今后的反语言短语学研究具有一定的参考价值

Over the last twenty years phraseology has received considerable interest within linguistics and is now not a small section of Lexicology. It has, in fact, become -, an independent and very important field not only in German linguistics, but also in other languages. One of the most interesting themes within Phraseology is contra linguistic research of idioms in foreign languages. The purpose of contra linguistic research is to clarify the universal features of idioms in foreign languages. In previous contrastive idiom research on idioms, which developed in European linguistics, emphasis was placed on only European languages, for example, English, French, Russian and German. Non-European languages, for example Japanese and other Asian languages were almost never a, focus of interest. Those European languages have a lot of historical contact with each other in terms of in culture and typology. Therefore, it is certain that the idioms in those languages share many similarities at the in lexical, syntactic and semantic levels. To promote contrastive research on phraseology, however, it seems necessary and very important to compare not only European languages with each other, but also European languages with non-European ones and to clarify universal and particular features in other languagesIn this investigation German idioms with part of the body were compared with Japanese Idioms, with focus given to the following points : the metaphorical meaning do constituents of idioms (lexical-metaphorical meaning) and the figurative idioms existing in both languages. Through this investigation, it was found that German and Japanese idioms, in spite of great cultural and typological differences, exhibit many similarities in terms of the lexical-metaphorical meaning of part of the body as constituents of idioms and also at the figurative level. The results are seen to be of use in future research on contra linguistic Phraseology