Analysis of the effects of the nutritional composition on obesity, glucose and lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis

主食对2型糖尿病患者餐后高血糖和高血脂的影响在米饭和白色面包之间存在差异。与吃白色面包相比，吃白色米饭显著升高餐后血糖水平。另一方面，吃白色面包比吃白色面包显著提高餐后甘油三酯水平。提示碳水化合物来源不仅影响餐后血糖水平，还影响餐后高脂血症。颈动脉超声测量的IMT可预测冠状动脉CT血管造影检测的冠状动脉病变。尽管本研究样本量较小，但冠状动脉斑块与血清脂肪酸组成之间无相关性。需要大样本量的前瞻性研究来探讨冠心病与血清脂肪酸组成的关系。

The effects of staple foods on the postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia differed between rice and white bread in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eating white rice significantly raised postprandial glucose level in comparison with eating white bread. On the other hand, eating white bread significantly raised postprandial triglycerides level more than eating white bread. These data suggest that source of carbohydrate affect not only postprandial glucose level but also postprandial hyperlipidemia.Intima-media thickness (IMT) in carotid ultrasound could predict coronary artery disease detected by coronary CT angiography. There was no association between coronary artery plaque and serum fatty acid composition, although sample size of this study was small. A prospective study in large sample size is needed to investigate the relationship between coronary artery disease and serum fatty acid composition.