IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS

在今年完成的研究中，显示内皮细胞被激活 通过细胞因子在培养中杀死血吸虫。这个效应器机构 被证明需要生产氮氧化物，而且 可被IL-4抑制。内皮效应细胞在体内的作用是 肺内皮细胞形态改变提示 接种疫苗的小鼠拒绝挑战感染和提高 一氧化氮合酶基因表达。 对小鼠虫卵病理调控的研究表明，干扰素-1对小鼠的致病作用有一定的影响。 伽玛可下调鸡蛋特异性Th2细胞因子反应和肉芽肿 队形。NK细胞是干扰素的内源性来源。 伽马。IL-12通过其对干扰素-γ的诱导被证明是一种 能有效抑制肝脏和肺部肉芽肿的形成。 在巴西累西腓进行的一项现场研究中，感染患者的PBMC 结果表明，曼氏葡萄球菌能产生主要的TH2细胞因子反应 对寄生虫抗原和有丝分裂原，显示最小的TH1反应 对卵子抗原。在这方面，发现了人类细胞因子的反应 与我们之前在老鼠身上所描述的非常相似。

In work completed this year, endothelial cells were shown to be activated by cytokines to kill schistosomula in culture. This effector mechanism was shown to require the production of nitrogen oxides and to be inhibitable by IL-4. An in vivo role for endothelial effector cells was suggested by the altered morphology of pulmonary endothelium in vaccinated mice rejecting challenge infections and the elevated expression of NO synthase mRNA. Studies on the regulation of egg pathology in mice indicated that INF- gamma downregulates both egg-specific Th2 cytokine response and granuloma formation. NK cells were implicated as the endogenous source of the INF- gamma. IL-12, through its induction of INF-gamma, was shown to be a potent down-regulator of granuloma formation in both liver and lung. In a field study performed in Recife, Brazil, PBMC from patients infected with S. mansoni were shown to produce a predominant TH2 cytokine response to parasite antigens and mitogens, with minimal TH1 responses displayed to egg antigens. In this respect, the human cytokine response was found to closely resemble that previously described by us in mice.