EFFECT OF PHYSICAL CONDITIONING ON CARDIOVASCULAR AGING CHANGES IN NORMAL MAN

因为身体状况的大幅下降通常 伴随着工业化社会的老龄化进程， 很难将衰老本身对心血管的影响与 那些去适应的人。 以下三项研究试图描述 这些过程对左心室（LV）的独立影响 性能，在休息和剧烈的有氧运动。（A）.到 确定密集的物理调节是否可以减弱井- 已知年龄相关的舒张早期左室功能下降，我们进行了 对16名男子耐力运动员的静息多普勒超声心动图进行了研究 52-76岁，27名年龄匹配的久坐男性和17名< 40岁的久坐男性 老年人，病史、体格检查和最大活动平板心电图均正常。 尽管老年运动员的VO（2 max）高于老年运动员， 年轻对照组（分别为47+/-6 vs 30+/-7和41+/-7 ml/kg/min）， 多普勒E波速度峰值、E/A比值和心房充盈分数/AFF） 与同龄人相似，并表明 与年轻对照组相比，舒张早期充盈。 这些结果 表明即使是高水平的有氧训练和健身也不会 通常抵消年龄相关的静息舒张早期LV下降 功能（B）。确定年龄和条件反射状态对 在剧烈有氧运动期间，我们测量了左心室舒张功能， 静息和全程放射性核素心室造影峰值充盈率 对56名久坐BLSA男性和12名 训练有素的老人。 休息时，最大工作量的50%， 最大努力，峰值充盈率随着年龄的增长而下降， 老年运动员和他们久坐不动的同龄人。 静脉普萘洛尔 年轻人（37+/-8岁）充盈率降低，但老年人（62 q6岁）未降低 久坐的受试者 这些结果表明，与年龄相关的 舒张早期充盈的下降是由 β-肾上腺素能反应与衰老有关。（C）.审查 在高度适应性的老年男性中， 在最大循环期间进行门控放射性核素心室造影 6名老年运动员（年龄61 ± 8岁）在12周前和12周后进行了测功试验 去适应 VO（2 max）下降（51+/-6至43+/-7 ml/kg/min）， 每搏输出量指数（66+/-13至54+/-9 ml/m2）射血分数（87 q5至 80+/-4）和心脏指数（10.2+/-1.9至8.4+/-1.2 l/micro m 停止训练后。 这些结果表明，停止训练会降低LV 高强度有氧运动时心脏收缩功能 年长的男人

Because a major decline in physical conditioning status usually accompanies the aging process in industrialized societies, it is very difficult to separate the cardiovascular effects of aging per se from those of deconditioning. The following three studies seek to delineate the independent effect of these processes on left ventricular (LV) performance, at rest and during strenuous aerobic exercise. (A). To determine whether intensive physical conditioning can attenuate the well- known age-associated decline in early diastolic LV function, we performed resting Doppler echocardiography on 16 competitive male endurance athletes 52-76 years, 27 age-matched sedentary men and 17 sedentary men < 40 years old, all normal by history, physical exam and maximal treadmill ECG. Although VO(2max) in the older athletes exceeded that in both older and younger controls (47+/-6 vs 30+/-7 and 41+/-7 ml/kg/min, respectively), Doppler E velocity peak, E/A ratio and atrial filling fraction/AFF) resembled those of their age-peers and indicated significant impairment of early diastolic filling compared to young control subjects. These results indicate that even high levels of aerobic training and fitness do not generally offset the age-associated decline in resting early diastolic LV function. (B). To determine the effect of age and conditioning status on diastolic LV performance during intense aerobic exercise, we measured radionuclide ventriculographic peak filling rates at rest and throughout graded maximal upright cycle ergometry in 56 sedentary BLSA men and 12 highly trained old men. At rest, at 50% of maximum workload and at maximal effort, peak filling rates declined with age but were similar in older athletes and their sedentary age peers. Intravenous propranolol decreased filling rates in young (37+/-8 yr) but not in older (62q6 yr) sedentary subjects. These results sug-gest that the age-associated decline in early diastolic filling is over mediated by the deficit in beta-adrenergic responsiveness seen with aging. (C). To examine the cardiovascular effects of detraining in highly conditioned older men, we performed gated radionuclide ventriculography during maximal cycle ergometry in 6 senior athletes (aged 61+/-8 yr) before and after 12 weeks of deconditioning. Declines in VO(2max) (51+/-6 to 43+/-7 ml/kg/min), stroke-volume index (66+/-13 to 54+/-9 ml/m2) ejection fraction (87q5 to 80+/-4) and cardiac index (10.2+/-1.9 to 8.4+/-1.2 l/micro m) were noted after detraining. These results suggest that detraining reduces LV systolic performance during maximal aerobic exercise in highly conditioned older men.