UTILITY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN FOR INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT DISORDERS

我们一直在研究局部注射肉毒杆菌毒素的疗效 用于治疗不同类型的局灶性肌张力障碍。肉毒杆菌毒素 直接在肌肉中注射小剂量，与神经肌肉结合 连接，并使其停用约三个月。我们还有 一直在使用肉毒杆菌毒素研究局灶性口吃困难的生理学。 肉毒杆菌毒素的用途研究正在#年进行。 开放标签中的作家抽筋(及其变体，如钢琴家抽筋) 和双盲试验。治疗似乎有效，至少在 短期的。对我们患者的更长时间的随访现在正在分析中。在……里面 我们的音乐家抽筋患者亚群，大多数患者 最终确定治疗不足以满足他们的需求。 我们已经开始了肉毒杆菌毒素治疗痉挛性斜颈的试验 分析其中一些患者的吞咽困难的目的是 在注射之后。 我们已经开始了F型肉毒毒素的L阶段试验，看看这是否 将有益于已产生A型抗体的患者。 最初的几个病人，它似乎是成功的。

We have been studying the efficacy of local injections of botulinum toxin for the treatment of different types of focal dystonias. Botulinum toxin injected in small doses directly in muscle, binds to the neuromuscular junction and inactivates it for approximately three months. We have also been using botulinum toxin to study the physiology of focal dystonias. Studies of the utility of botulinum toxin are being carried out in writer's cramp (and its variants such as pianist's cramp) in open-label and double-blind trials. Treatment appears effective at least in the short-term. Longer follow-up on our patients is now being analyzed. In our subgroup of patients with musician's cramp, most of the patients eventually decide the treatment is insufficient for their needs. We have begun a trial of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis with the purpose of analyzing the dysphagia that some of these patients have following injection. We have begun a phase l trial of botulinum toxin type F to see if this will benefit patients who have developed antibodies to type A. In the first few patients, it appears successful.