Alcoholism: Epidemiologic High Risk Family Study - MOFAM

描述(由申请人提供)：这是一份重新提交的申请，申请将酒精依赖(AD)的家庭研究续期5年，该研究将高风险的遗传/家庭研究嵌套在流行病学框架内--AD研究的新范式。它对非裔美国人(AFA)家庭(在AD文献中被忽视的一个群体)的过抽样允许测试青少年和年轻成年人酗酒的长期模型，这些模型主要基于高加索青年。在更新中，我们建议继续每隔两年评估一次低风险和高风险家庭的子女(70%18岁或以下)。从出生记录中确定，家庭被归类为高风险(根据母亲报告父亲酗酒)或低风险(没有这样的报告)。另外，酒后驾车超过2次的男性家庭(从驾驶记录中)丰富了高风险样本中严重酗酒的男性。母亲和子女通过电话接受全面的精神病学面谈(父亲的面谈时间较短)；子女每隔两年重新面谈一次。在第一个赠款期间，已登记了472个家庭(255个AFA，217个MAJ)；最后一个样本将在第15个月续期之前登记。第一个子女样本(n=221)的随访率为90%(85%已完成，5%待撰写本文)。进一步的后续行动被搁置，等待资金。我们的预测是，到更新期结束时，所有子代都将有3个评估波，大约一半的子代将有4个评估波。我们在第一个资助期间的目标是测试AD易感性的偏差倾向和负面情绪调节模型；研究兄弟姐妹对酒精和其他物质参与的影响，并调查父母教养、父亲AD、其他父母精神病理、子女自身精神病理、创伤事件和生活转变(婚姻、工作、学校、父母身份)对酒精(和其他物质)使用结果的横向和纵向影响-在AFA和MAJ家庭中。在更新中保留了这些目标，现在的重点是应用纵向数据来测试家庭风险状况和种族之间对酒精使用障碍进展(发展、持续和停滞)的相互作用，方法是研究以下影响：其他物质(目标1)；父母特征，包括教养方式和精神病理学(目标2)；兄弟姐妹影响(目标3)；以及阿尔茨海默病易感性的两个突出模式。我们的目标和设计元素将继续在理解适用于不同种族家庭的青少年和年轻人的AUDS的病因和过程方面取得进展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of an application for 5-year renewal of a family study of alcohol dependence (AD) that nests a high risk genetic/family study within an epidemiologic framework - a novel paradigm for research on AD. Its oversample of African-American (AfA) families (a neglected group in the AD literature)permits testing long-standing models of adolescent and young adult alcohol involvement that have been based for the most part on Caucasian ("Majority- "maj") youth. In the renewal, we propose continuing to assess at 2-year intervals offspring (70 percent 18 or younger at intake) in low and high risk families. Ascertained from birth records, families are classified as high risk (by maternal report that the father is an excessive drinker) or low risk (no such report) Additional families of men with 2+ DWI's (from driving records) enrich the high risk sample with severely alcoholic men. Mothers and offspring are administered a comprehensive psychiatric interview by telephone (fathers are given a shorter interview); offspring are re-interviewed at 2-yr intervals. During the first grant period, 472 families (255 AfA, 217 Maj) have been enrolled; the last intake sample will be enrolled by renewal month 15. Follow up rates for the first intake sample of offspring (n=221) were 90 percent (85 percent completed, 5 percent pending at this writing). Further follow-up is on hold pending funding. Our projections are that by the end of the renewal period, 3 assessment waves will be available on all offspring, and 4 waves on about half. Our aims in the first grant period were to test the deviance proneness and negative affect regulation models of AD vulnerability; to study sibling influences on alcohol and other substance involvement, and to investigate cross sectional and longitudinal influences of parenting, paternal AD, other parental psychopathology, offspring own psychopathology, traumatic events, and life transitions (marriage, work, school, parenthood) on alcohol (and other substance) use outcomes - in AfA and Maj families by risk. These aims are retained in the renewal, with an emphasis now on application of longitudinal data to test for interactions between family risk status and ethnicity on progression of alcohol use disorders (AUD) (development, persistence and desistence) by studying influences: of other substances (Aim 1); of parental characteristics including rearing styles and psychopathology (Aim 2); sibling influences (Aim 3); and in the context of 2 prominent models of AD vulnerability. Our aims together with design elements will continue progress towards understanding the etiology and course of AUDs applicable to adolescents and young adults in ethnically diverse families.