Stromal Cells in Immunity

 说明(由申请人提供)：请求支持由Shannon J.Turley、Burkhard Ludewig和Melody A.Swartz组织的题为免疫中的基质细胞的Keystone研讨会。会议将于2016年2月7日至11日在科罗拉多州的Keystone举行。基质细胞在协调先天免疫反应和获得性免疫反应中起着重要作用。在健康个体中，基质细胞及其决定因素促进淋巴组织发育、免疫动态平衡、血管功能、宿主防御和伤口愈合。新出现的证据表明，间质也可导致与免疫相关的疾病，包括炎症和自身免疫性疾病、过敏、哮喘、纤维化、浮肿、感染和接种疫苗；然而，需要更多的研究来支持这一重要的新兴领域。更具体地说，HIV感染中的间质细胞功能显著改变，导致全身次级淋巴器官明显纤维化。这些纤维化病变阻止T细胞访问关键生长因子，这些生长因子确保接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者的淋巴细胞存活和免疫重建。最近的研究还表明，淋巴组织中的纤维化反应可能会损害对疫苗的适当反应；因此，迫切需要进一步的研究、合作和教育，以更好地了解基质细胞与免疫系统的相互作用，以及以基质间隔为靶点如何改善人类健康。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Stromal Cells in Immunity, organized by Shannon J. Turley, Burkhard Ludewig and Melody A. Swartz. The meeting will be held in Keystone, Colorado from February 7-11, 2016. Stromal cells play instrumental roles in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. In healthy individuals, stromal cells and their determinants promote lymphoid tissue development, immune homeostasis, vascular function, host defense, and wound healing. Emerging evidence indicates that stroma can also contribute to immune-related disorders, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, allergy, asthma, fibrosis, edema, infection and vaccination; however, more research is needed to bolster this important and emerging field. More specifically, stromal cell function in HIV infection is significantly altered, leading to pronounced fibrosis in secondary lymphoid organs throughout the body. These fibrotic lesions prevent T cells from accessing critical growth factors that ensure lymphocyte survival and immune reconstitution in patients on anti-retroviral therapy. Recent studies also suggest that fibrotic reactions in lymphoid tissues may impair proper responses to vaccines; thus, additional research, collaboration, and education are critically needed to better understand stromal cell interactions with the immune system and how targeting the stromal compartment can improve human health.