Microglia in the Brain

描述(由申请人提供)：申请支持由贝丝·史蒂文斯和理查德·M·兰索霍夫组织的题为大脑中的小胶质细胞的Keystone研讨会。会议将于2016年6月12-16日在科罗拉多州的Keystone举行。在过去的五年里，我们对小胶质细胞的起源和功能的了解取得了惊人的进展，就像发现了一种全新的中枢神经系统细胞类型一样。小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统(CNS)实质中独特的髓样细胞。自100年前被发现以来，人们一直怀疑这些小胶质细胞与几乎所有神经系统疾病有关。小胶质细胞基因的多态变异的关联现在证明了这一假说。因此，迫切需要让研究人员对疾病中枢神经系统中小胶质细胞起源、生理功能和异常特性的现状进行连贯的描述。这次会议将推动将新信息转化为研究和治疗战略的目标。在许多方面，该领域的显著障碍 可以通过在研究人员之间分享对复杂器官系统的基本理解来解决。小胶质细胞的研究现在在三个学科之间并行进行：白细胞生物学、神经科学和免疫学。其他感兴趣的研究小组包括那些研究神经退化、发育性神经障碍(自闭症、精神分裂症)、衰老、神经免疫障碍以及中风和脑创伤的人。只有将这些不同学科的思想领袖和学生聚集在一起，围绕研究小胶质细胞如何参与正在研究的过程的共同目标，才能实现最佳进展。该项目将纳入目前正在研究小胶质生物学的科学家的非凡深度和广度，并将突出尖端成像和基因技术。同时召开的关于神经变性共同机制的会议将增加跨学科互动的机会。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled Microglia in the Brain, organized by Beth Stevens and Richard M. Ransohoff. The meeting will be held in Keystone, Colorado from June 12-16, 2016. In the past five years, our understanding of the origins and functions of microglia, the unique myeloid cells of the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma, has proceeded at such a remarkable pace that it's as if an entirely new CNS cell type had been discovered. Since their discovery 100 years ago, it has been suspected those microglias are implicated in virtually all disorders of the nervous system. Associations of polymorphic variants of microglial genes have now proven this hypothesis. It is therefore rather urgent to engage investigators in developing a coherent account of the present status of microglial origins, physiological functions and aberrant properties in the diseased CNS. This meeting will further the objective of translating new information into research and treatment strategies. In many ways, the salient barriers in the field can be addressed by sharing fundamental understanding of complex organ systems among investigators. Microglial research is now conducted in parallel among three disciplines: leukocyte biology, neuroscience and immunology. Other interested research groups include those studying neurodegeneration; developmental neurological disorders (autism, schizophrenia); aging; neuroimmune disorders; and stroke and brain trauma. Optimal progress can only be realized by bringing together thought leaders and students in these varied disciplines around the common goal of studying how microglia are involved in processes under investigation. The program will incorporate the extraordinary depth and breadth of scientists now examining microglial biology and will highlight cutting-edge imaging and genetic technologies. The concurrent meeting addressing Common Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration will enhance opportunities for interdisciplinary interactions.