Brain basis of memory studied by fMRI & intercranial EEG

描述(申请人提供)：这是一份申请K08指导的临床科学家发展奖的申请书，题为《通过功能磁共振成像和颅内EEG研究记忆的脑基础》。在获奖期间，候选人将获得理论背景和实践知识，以进一步发展成为一名临床医生-科学家，熟练地使用多功能脑图技术，更好地了解神经外科患者和健康受试者的记忆认知生理学。候选人的研究目标是：1)展示人脑中特定记忆功能的解剖和生理功能安排；2)交叉验证通过功能磁共振(FMRI)和电生理技术获得的信息，从而提高我们对这些不同大脑信号之间关系的理解；3)使用这些技术来定义神经外科患者的个体功能解剖。应聘者的培训目标是：1)学习颅内电生理(IEEG)记录和分析技术；2)进一步发展高级fMRI成像技能；3)继续完善她的研究技能，包括数据分析、解释和演示；以及4)继续研究当前认知神经科学的理论和工具。候选人提出了一项旨在更好地理解记忆的神经解剖学基础的培训和研究的综合计划。通过使用几种不同的技术，该计划旨在帮助统一基于病变和基于功能磁共振成像的记忆功能研究之间的一些不一致。这些研究的对象将是神经外科患者，他们需要术中或术外电皮质测绘作为脑瘤或药物难治性癫痫手术的辅助。功能磁共振成像将用于术前患者/受试者的研究，并将与iEEG和刺激反应进行比较。作为一名专门治疗癫痫和口才皮层脑瘤的神经外科医生，候选人通过执行这些类型的研究并将它们与临床结果和功能磁共振结果相关联，在推动基础科学和临床结果方面处于独特的特权地位。布里格姆妇女医院和外科计划实验室的资源，再加上迈克尔·卡哈纳在认知科学和iEEG方面的指导，以及Ferenc Jolesz在磁共振成像和图像分析方面的指导，将为候选人提供实现这些目标的理想环境。人类的这种类型的工作对于了解fMRI信号和潜在的大脑活动之间的关系以及提供与广泛存在的动物和人类电生理学研究的联系的重要科学目标将是必不可少的。除了对神经科学的重要性外，fMRI电生理学和刺激测试的跨通道验证对于fMRI作为术前脑成像工具的部署至关重要。通过该项目获得的专业知识将支持候选人长期结合的临床和科学职业目标，即成为学术神经外科的创新者，通过将认知科学和脑成像的研究联系起来，并将这些进步应用于改善患者护理，帮助推进她的领域。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application, entitled "Brain basis of memory studied by fMRI & intracranial EEG", for a K08-Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award. During the award period the candidate will acquire the theoretical background and practical knowledge to further develop as a clinician-scientist skilled in using multiple functional brain mapping techniques to better understand the cognitive physiology of memory in neurosurgical patients and healthy subjects. The candidate's research goals are: 1) to demonstrate the anatomic and physiologic functional arrangement of specific memory function in the human brain; 2) to cross validate information acquired through functional MRI (fMRI) and electrophysiologic techniques, thereby improving our understanding of the relationship between these different brain signals; and 3) to use these techniques to define individual functional anatomy in neurosurgical patients. The candidate's training goals are: 1) to learn intracranial electrophysiologic (iEEG) recording and analysis techniques; 2) to further develop skills in advanced fMRI imaging; 3) to continue to refine her research skills including data analysis, interpretation, and presentation; and 4) to continue to investigate the theory and tools of current cognitive neuroscience. The candidate proposes an integrated program of training and research directed towards better understanding the neuroanatomic basis of memory. By working with several different techniques, this program aims to help unify some of the inconsistencies between lesion-based and fMRI-based studies of memory function. The subjects for these studies will be neurosurgical patients who require intra- or extra-operative electrocortical mapping as an adjunct to their surgery for brain tumors or medically refractory epilepsy. Functional MRI will be used to study patient/subjects preoperatively and will be compared with iEEG and stimulation responses. As a neurosurgeon specializing in the treatment of epilepsy and brain tumors in eloquent cortex, the candidate is in a uniquely privileged position to advance basic science and clinical outcomes by performing these types of studies and correlating them with both clinical findings and fMRI results. The resources of Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Surgical Planning Laboratory, together with the mentorship of Michael Kahana in cognitive science and iEEG, and Ferenc Jolesz in MRI and image analysis, will provide the candidate with the ideal environment in which to accomplish these goals. This type of work in humans will be essential to the important scientific goal of understanding the relationship between the fMRI signal and underlying brain activity, as well as providing a link to the extensive existing body of animal and human electrophysiologic research. In addition to its importance for neuroscience, the cross-modality validation of fMRI electrophysiology and stimulation testing is vital to fMRI's deployment as a tool for pre-operative brain mapping. The expertise gained through this program will support the candidate's long-term combined clinical and scientific career aims of becoming an innovator in academic neurosurgery, who can help advance her field by bridging research in cognitive science and brain mapping and by applying these advances to improve patient care.