Amino Acids, Protein, and BMI in Adults Across Cultures

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然对蛋白质摄入作为降低/维持体重的方法的兴趣最近受到了大众和研究的关注，但对特定氨基酸（AA）或蛋白质摄入量与体重指数（BMI）之间的横断面或纵向关联知之甚少。该项目的总体目标是利用现有数据库，以一种经济有效的方式评估个体中特定AAs和膳食蛋白质与BMI的关系。我们建议使用国际宏观和微量营养素与血压研究（INTERMAP）的数据来研究个体AAs（分别为饮食和尿液）与BMI的关系，INTERMAP是一项横断面、合作、高质量的17个样本人群研究，研究对象是来自四个国家（中国、日本、英国、美国）的4,680名年龄在40-59岁之间的男性和女性。我们还建议研究膳食蛋白质（总蛋白质、植物蛋白质和动物蛋白质）摄入量与BMI之间的纵向关联，研究数据来自芝加哥西部电力公司（We）研究，该研究涉及2107名年龄在40-55岁之间的男性。BMI和来自4个24小时召回的18种膳食氨基酸的数据，包括丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、胱氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸和缬氨酸，以及一种相关化合物-谷氨酸单钠（MSG，仅限中国），以及来自一个定时24小时尿液标本的18种尿中氨基酸，可在INTERMAP中获得。蛋白质摄入量的数据，包括总蛋白、植物蛋白和动物蛋白，来自广泛的高质量的两种饮食史评估，以及连续9年的BMI测量，可在WE研究中获得。此外，其他主要的生活方式因素和饮食/营养变量在两项研究中都是可用的。这项拟议的研究旨在显著提高对个体AAs、蛋白质和BMI的认识，从而有助于改善营养以控制体重。该项目的研究结果对进一步研究蛋白质组成对体重的影响具有重要意义，包括使用新技术（如代谢组学）进行研究。总的来说，这项拟议的研究是一种具有成本效益的方法，可以处理与肥胖有关的公共卫生意义的重要未解问题。拟议研究的总体目标是利用现有数据库，以经济有效的方式检查特定氨基酸和膳食蛋白质与个体体重之间的关系。这个项目有可能改善目前对蛋白质、氨基酸和肥胖的有限认识。肥胖是一个重要的健康问题，具有重要的公共卫生和临床意义。这个项目的发现可能会导致新的肥胖预防研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While interest in protein intake as an approach to lower/maintain body weight has had recent popular and research attention, little is known about associations, cross-sectional or longitudinal, between intakes of specific amino acids (AA) or protein and body mass index (BMI). The overall goal of this project is to assess, in a cost-effective manner using existing databases, relations in individuals of specific AAs and dietary protein with BMI. We propose to study individual AAs (dietary and urinary, respectively) in relation to BMI using data from the International Study of Macro- and Micro-nutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP), a cross-sectional, cooperative, high-quality 17-sample population study of 4,680 men and women ages 40-59 in four countries (China, Japan, U.K., U.S.). We also propose to study the longitudinal associations of dietary protein (total, vegetable and animal) intake with BMI using data from the Chicago Western Electric (WE) Company Study, a longitudinal investigation involving 2,107 men ages 40-55. Data on BMI and 18 dietary AAs from four 24-hour recalls, including alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine, and a related compound - mono-sodium glutamate (MSG, from China only), and 18 urinary AAs from one timed 24-hour urine specimen, are available in INTERMAP. Data on protein intake including total, vegetable and animal protein from extensive high-quality two diet history assessments, and sequential BMI measurements for 9 years are available in the WE Study. In addition, other major lifestyle factors and diet/nutrient variables are available in both studies. The proposed study seeks to significantly enhance knowledge on individual AAs, protein and BMI that can contribute to improved nutrition for weight control. The findings from this project can be important for further study of the effects of protein composition on body weight, including research using new techniques (e.g. metabolomics). Overall, this proposed study is a cost-effective approach to dealing with important unanswered questions of public health significance related to obesity. The overall goal of the proposed study is to examine, in a cost-effective manner using existing databases, the association between individuals of specific amino acids and dietary protein with body weight. This project has the potential to improve the current limited knowledge on proteins, amino acids and obesity. It is of great public health and clinical significance as obesity is a major health concern. The findings from this project may lead to new research on obesity prevention.