Project 4: Atmospheric Sources of PCB Congeners

项目摘要 项目4的总体目标是更好地了解空气中观测浓度之间的关系 空气中的多氯联苯及其在周围和室内环境中的分解产物的来源。项目4 提供了一条途径，通过接触多氯联苯及其 分解产品，通过显著和可衡量的改进能力，检测，预测， 确定这些化合物的属性，并评估空气传播的暴露风险。我们进一步建议， 当代多氯联苯缓解方法，以减少人口规模的空气中接触多氯联苯。中央 项目4的假设是，空气中的多氯联苯及其分解产物的排放量是以下因素的函数： 多氯联苯所处的化合物和环境基质的可测量和可量化特性 居住。一个必然的假设是，补救努力的有效性取决于成功的补救措施。 排放源的识别和定量描述。项目4的目标是 围绕城市和农村环境的实地研究，最先进的分析工具和环境建模 室外和室内环境，以量化来源，排放，化学品运输，接触和归宿。的 项目4的目标如下： 目标1：确定城市空气中多氯联苯和非多氯联苯同系物的来源。测量 空气中的多氯联苯和羟基多氯联苯;化学品迁移模型的开发;以及地理评估 将利用数据库来实现这一目标。 目标2：描述印第安纳州港口和运河中空气中多氯联苯释放的特征。测量 在沉积物、水和空气中的多氯联苯和羟基多氯联苯; 条件;和化学质量平衡模型将进行。 目标3：确定室内空气中多氯联苯同系物的来源。这一目标包括多氯联苯的测定 在建筑材料和生产过程中产生家庭中发现的多氯联苯的同系物。 目的4：测定多氯联苯分解产物的物理化学性质。实验室 将利用实验和计算模型来确定这些化合物的平衡和动力学常数。 化合物.

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of Project 4 is to better understand the relationship between the observed concentrations in air and sources of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products in ambient and indoor environments. Project 4 provides a path for significant and measureable reduction of human risk through exposure to PCBs and their breakdown products, through significant and measureable improvements in the ability to detect, predict, and attribute these compounds and to assess airborne exposure risks. We further propose to identify the ability of contemporary PCB mitigation methods to reduce population-scale airborne exposure to PCBs. The central hypothesis for Project 4 is that emissions of airborne PCBs and their breakdown products are a function of measureable and quantifiable characteristics of the compounds and environmental matrices on which PCBs reside. A corollary hypothesis is that the effectiveness of remediation efforts is dependent on the successful identification and quantitative characterization of emission sources. The aims of Project 4 are organized around field studies, state-of-the-art analytical tools and environmental modeling in urban and rural ambient outdoor and indoor environments to quantify sources, emissions, chemical transport, exposure, and fate. The aims of Project 4 are the following: Aim 1: Determine sources of airborne Aroclor and non-Aroclor congeners in urban air. Measurements of airborne PCBs and OH-PCBs; development of chemical transport models; and assessment geographic databases will be used to achieve this aim. Aim 2: Characterize the release of airborne PCBs in the Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal. Measurements of PCBs and OH-PCBs in sediment, water and air; laboratory experiments that reproduce environmental conditions; and chemical mass balance modeling will be conducted. Aim 3: Identification of sources of PCB congeners in indoor air. This aim includes determination of PCB congeners in building materials and manufacturing processes that produce PCBs found in homes. Aim 4: Determination of physical-chemical properties of PCB breakdown products. Laboratory experiments and computational models will be utilized to determine equilibrium and kinetic constants of these compounds.