Project 4: Atmospheric Sources of PCB Congeners

虽然多氯联苯是半挥发性的，通常在地球仪的空气中测量， PCBs几乎没有定义。该项目将扩大知识的来源， 通过结合大气模型的大型实地研究，确定多氯联苯在空气中的分布。这项研究是 目标1：确定大气中多氯联苯的普遍性和分布情况 在城市地区。我们将在芝加哥、伊利诺斯州和东部的选定居民区监测空气中的多氯联苯 芝加哥，印第安纳州，并将结果与爱荷华州的哥伦布交界处进行比较。目标1将涉及创新方法， 抽样设计，包括从停放的卫生诊所货车和被动抽样的高容量抽样， 家庭和学校。将收集和分析超过1，000个空气样本，用于全套PCB 每年都有同类产品。空气采样的后勤工作将通过与当地卫生部门合作完成 机构、学校和政府。多氯联苯同源物分析将由一个完全自动化的 大气中多氯联苯的提取、浓缩、净化、分析和质量保证的分析方法。 项目目标2-4的重点是利用额外的实地测量， 数学建模目标2涉及从受污染的水中释放的多氯联苯的特性。的字段 和建模研究将检查水的印第安纳州港口/航运运河在东芝加哥作为一个 PCBs的排放源。目标3涉及表征从前土壤中释放的多氯联苯 炼油厂场地，用于储存受多氯联苯污染的沉积物。在目标4下，我们将评估 模型、扩散模型和其他计算模型，用于估算其他来源的多氯联苯排放量 （未知）来源在芝加哥/东芝加哥城市工业区。目标2-4包括考虑因素 季节、当地气象、地形、受污染沉积物的重新悬浮， 污染场地的建筑活动和区域扩散。

While PCBs are semivolatile and commonly measured in air throughout the globe, atmospheric sources of PCBs are almost completely undefined. This project will expand the knowledge of the sources and distribution of PCBs in air through a major field study coupled with atmospheric modeling. The study is structured as four aims: Under Aim 1 we will determine the prevalence and distribution of atmospheric PCBs in an urban area. We will monitor PCBs in air at select residential areas of Chicago, Illinois and East Chicago, Indiana and compare results to Columbus Junction, Iowa. Aim 1 will involve innovative methods in sampling design, including high volume sampling from parked health clinic vans and passive sampling at homes and schools. Over 1,000 air samples will be collected and analyzed for the full suite of PCB congeners each year. The logistics of air sampling will be accomplished by cooperating with local health agencies, schools, and governments. PCB congener analysis will be supported by a fully automated analytical method for atmospheric PCB extraction, concentration, cleanup, analysis, and quality assurance. Project Aims 2-4 focus on characterizing the sources using additional field measurements coupled with mathematical modeling. Aim 2 involves characterization of PCBs released from contaminated water. A field and modeling study will examine the water of Indiana Harbor / Shipping Canal in East Chicago as an emission source of PCBs. Aim 3 concerns characterization of PCBs released from the soils of a former refinery site destined to store PCB contaminated sediments. Under Aim 4 we will evaluate mechanistic models, dispersion models, and other computational models for estimating PCB emissions from other (unknown) sources in the Chicago / East Chicago urban industrial region. Aims 2-4 include considerations of the effects of season, local meteorology, topography, re-suspension of contaminated sediment, construction activities at a contaminated site, and regional dispersion.