Alcoholism: Epidemiologic High Risk Family Study - MOFAM

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一项酒精依赖（AD）家族研究5年更新申请的重新提交，该研究在流行病学框架内嵌套了一项高风险遗传/家族研究-AD研究的一种新范式。它对非裔美国人（AfA）家庭（AD文献中被忽视的群体）的过度抽样允许测试长期存在的青少年和年轻成人酒精参与模型，这些模型大部分基于白人（“多数-“主要”）青年。在更新中，我们建议继续以2年为间隔评估低风险和高风险家庭中的后代（摄入时70%为18岁或以下）。从出生记录中确定，家庭被分类为高风险（母亲报告父亲是一个过度饮酒者）或低风险（没有这样的报告）。母亲和后代进行全面的精神病学电话采访（父亲给予较短的采访），后代重新采访，在2年的时间间隔。在第一个补助期内，472个家庭（255个AfA，217个Maj）已经登记;最后一个接收样本将在第15个续延月登记。第一次摄入的后代样本（n=221）的随访率为90%（85%已完成，5%待撰写）。在资金到位之前，进一步的后续行动暂时搁置。我们的预测是，到更新期结束时，所有后代都将进行3次评估，大约一半将进行4次评估。本研究在第一个资助期的目的是检验AD易感性的偏差倾向和负性情绪调节模型;研究兄弟姐妹对酒精和其他物质参与的影响，并调查父母养育、父亲AD、其他父母精神病理学、后代自身精神病理学、创伤事件和生活转变的横截面和纵向影响（婚姻、工作、学校、为人父母）对酒精（和其他物质）使用结果的影响-按风险分列的AfA和Maj家庭。这些目标在更新中得到了保留，现在的重点是应用纵向数据来测试家庭风险状态和种族之间的相互作用对酒精使用障碍（AUD）的进展（发展、持续和终止）的影响：其他物质的影响（目标1）;父母特征，包括养育方式和精神病理学的影响（目标2）;兄弟姐妹的影响（目标3）;在两个突出的AD脆弱性模型的背景下。我们的目标和设计元素将继续朝着理解适用于不同种族家庭中青少年和年轻人的AUDs的病因和过程的方向发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of an application for 5-year renewal of a family study of alcohol dependence (AD) that nests a high risk genetic/family study within an epidemiologic framework - a novel paradigm for research on AD. Its oversample of African-American (AfA) families (a neglected group in the AD literature)permits testing long-standing models of adolescent and young adult alcohol involvement that have been based for the most part on Caucasian ("Majority- "maj") youth. In the renewal, we propose continuing to assess at 2-year intervals offspring (70 percent 18 or younger at intake) in low and high risk families. Ascertained from birth records, families are classified as high risk (by maternal report that the father is an excessive drinker) or low risk (no such report) Additional families of men with 2+ DWI's (from driving records) enrich the high risk sample with severely alcoholic men. Mothers and offspring are administered a comprehensive psychiatric interview by telephone (fathers are given a shorter interview); offspring are re-interviewed at 2-yr intervals. During the first grant period, 472 families (255 AfA, 217 Maj) have been enrolled; the last intake sample will be enrolled by renewal month 15. Follow up rates for the first intake sample of offspring (n=221) were 90 percent (85 percent completed, 5 percent pending at this writing). Further follow-up is on hold pending funding. Our projections are that by the end of the renewal period, 3 assessment waves will be available on all offspring, and 4 waves on about half. Our aims in the first grant period were to test the deviance proneness and negative affect regulation models of AD vulnerability; to study sibling influences on alcohol and other substance involvement, and to investigate cross sectional and longitudinal influences of parenting, paternal AD, other parental psychopathology, offspring own psychopathology, traumatic events, and life transitions (marriage, work, school, parenthood) on alcohol (and other substance) use outcomes - in AfA and Maj families by risk. These aims are retained in the renewal, with an emphasis now on application of longitudinal data to test for interactions between family risk status and ethnicity on progression of alcohol use disorders (AUD) (development, persistence and desistence) by studying influences: of other substances (Aim 1); of parental characteristics including rearing styles and psychopathology (Aim 2); sibling influences (Aim 3); and in the context of 2 prominent models of AD vulnerability. Our aims together with design elements will continue progress towards understanding the etiology and course of AUDs applicable to adolescents and young adults in ethnically diverse families.