ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project

 描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是一个关键的神经发育时期，与物质使用率的急剧增加有关。确定物质使用的途径及其对儿童和青少年发展的影响至关重要，因为在持续成熟过程中物质使用的影响可能对大脑功能和行为，健康和心理结果产生长期影响。SRI International的本研究项目研究中心申请是对RFA-DA-15-015的回应，作为ABCD-USA联盟（10/13）的一部分，旨在前瞻性地确定儿童和青少年的神经发育和行为预测因子以及物质使用的后果。将招募550名9-10奥尔兹的代表性社区样本，这些儿童富含高风险特征，有助于从ABCD-美国联盟的11个中心收集11,111名样本。所有参与者将接受全面的基线评估，包括最先进的脑成像，全面的神经心理学测试，生物测定，移动的监测和仔细评估物质使用，环境，精神病理学症状和社会功能，每2年一次。中期年度访谈和季度基于网络的评估将以最小的参与者负担提供行为，发展和生活事件的精确时间分辨率。在本项目过程中获得的这些联盟范围内的数据将阐明：1）物质使用模式对青少年大脑的影响; 2物质使用对行为和健康结果的影响; 3）精神病理学和物质使用模式之间的双向关系; 4）个体遗传，行为，神经生物学和环境差异对风险概况和物质使用结果的影响;以及5）不同物质使用之间的“网关相互作用”。我们的项目侧重于整个联盟收集的睡眠和时间生物学数据，包括问卷调查和可穿戴手腕跟踪器的定期评估。我们的目的是评估睡眠行为和时间型作为随后的物质使用的预测因子，并调查目前的物质使用对青少年睡眠特征的影响。我们还将进行探索性分析，以确定大麻使用对睡眠的影响，评估睡眠和时间生物学变量，物质使用和抑郁症发展之间的关系;并调查遗传和环境对睡眠特征，时间型和双胞胎物质使用之间的关联的贡献。对主观和客观睡眠和时钟类型的仔细评估，对物质使用模式的详细评估和敏感的临床措施的结合将为科学界提供独特的资源，并有助于指导与年龄相适应的行为干预。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a critical neurodevelopmental period associated with dramatic increases in rates of substance use. Identifying the pathways to substance use and its effects on child and adolescent development is critically important, as the effects of substance use during ongoing maturation likely have long-lasting effects on brain functioning and behavioral, health, and psychological outcomes. This Research Project Site application from SRI International is in response to RFA-DA-15-015 as part of the ABCD-USA Consortium (10/13), to prospectively determine the neurodevelopmental and behavioral predictors and consequences of substance use on children and adolescents. A representative community sample of 550 9-10 year olds enriched for high- risk characteristics will be recruited, contributing to the sample of 11,111 to be collected from 11 hubs across the ABCD-USA Consortium. All participants will undergo a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, bioassays, mobile monitoring and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning every 2 years. Interim annual interviews and quarterly web-based assessments will provide refined temporal resolution of behaviors, development, and life events with minimal participant burden. These Consortium-wide data obtained during the course of this project will elucidate: 1) the effects of substance use patterns on the adolescent brain; 2 the effects of substance use on behavioral and health outcomes; 3) the bidirectional relationship between psychopathology and substance use patterns; 4) the effects of individual genetic, behavioral, neurobiological, and environmental differences on risk profiles and substance use outcomes; and 5) the "gateway interactions" between use of different substances. Our project focuses on the sleep and chronobiology data collected across the consortium, both with questionnaires and periodic assessment with wearable wrist trackers. Our aims are to assess sleep behavior and chronotype as predictors of subsequent substance use, and to investigate the effects of current substance use on sleep characteristics in adolescents. We will also conduct exploratory analyses to determine the effect of marijuana usage on sleep, to evaluate relationships between sleep and chronobiology variables, substance use and development of depression; and to investigate genetic and environmental contributions to associations between sleep characteristics, chronotype and substance use in twins. The combination of careful assessment of subjective and objective sleep and chronotype, detailed evaluation of substance use patterns and sensitive clinical measures will provide a unique resource for the scientific community, and help guide age-appropriate behavioral interventions.