Développement de la spectrométrie rétinienne pour l'identification de nouveaux biomarqueurs précoces de la maladie de Parkinson

视网膜血流和氧合的调节被认为是大多数眼部疾病的根本原因，如青光眼。因此，人们对在体内测量这些参数非常感兴趣，理想的方法是使用非侵入性方法。Retnia公司的技术基于光学光谱学，能够在实验室和临床环境中进行这种非侵入性测量。最近，越来越多的证据表明，许多神经退行性疾病也会对视网膜产生影响，视网膜是中枢神经系统的一部分。在眼睛可能感觉到的许多神经退行性疾病中，帕金森氏病(PD)尤为突出，因为视网膜与黑质相似，黑质是已知在PD中退化的中脑区域。帕金森病影响着超过10万加拿大人，被认为是第二种最常见的神经退行性疾病。存在一些治疗疾病的方法，但已经测试的药物结果令人失望。这在很大程度上可以用以下事实来解释：帕金森病的主要症状通常只有当黑质中超过一半的多巴胺能神经元消失时才会显现。因此，帕金森病的早期生物标记物迫切需要在疾病修饰治疗中取得成功。在拟议的研究项目中，我们将使用Retnia的多模式成像设备对健康和帕金森病猴子的视网膜进行光谱分析，以识别和定位以血红蛋白和黑色素视网膜内容物和异常形式存在的光学生物标志物，以早期检测帕金森病。

The regulation of retinal blood flow and oxygenation are recognized as root causes of the majority of ocular diseases, such as glaucoma. There is thus a huge interest in measuring these parameters in vivo, ideally using non-invasive methods. Retnia's technology, based on optical spectroscopy, enables such non-invasive measurements in laboratory and clinical settings. Recently, there has been growing evidence that many neurodegenerative diseases also have an effect on the retina, which is part of the central nervous system. Of the many neurodegenerative diseases that could possibly be sensed in the eye, Parkinson's disease (PD) stands out, due to the retina's similarities to the substantia nigra, a midbrain region that is known to degenerate in PD. PD affects more than 100 000 Canadians and is considered as the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Some disease-modifying treatments exist but drugs that have been tested have provided disappointing results. This can be largely explained by the fact that the cardinal symptoms of PD typically manifest only when more than half of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are lost. Therefore, early biomarkers of PD are urgently needed to succeed in disease-modifying therapies. In the proposed research project, we will use Retnia's multimodal imaging device to perform spectroscopy on the retina of healthy and parkinsonian monkeys in order to identify and locate optical biomarkers in the form of hemoglobin and melanin retinal content and abnormalities, for early detection of PD.