Utilisation de l'hydrosulfite de sodium pour la conversion de la lignine issue de bioraffineries

自COP 21以来，包括加拿大在内的许多工业化国家都对减少温室气体排放做出了坚定的承诺。为此目的，有许多选择，包括提高建筑物的效率以及完全放弃煤炭作为能源。然而，运输燃料仍然是该国温室气体的主要生产者之一，为了解决这一问题，市场上实际上可供选择的选择较少。当然，电动汽车的日益普及对于减少交通运输中的温室气体排放是一个净增值。然而，在加拿大这样一个大国，由于与电池自主性相关的实际限制，加上电力尚未（未来10年内）适用于重型运输和航空的事实，仍然需要先进的可再生运输燃料。在这一点上，第二代生物质的利用受到两个重大技术和经济挑战的限制。一个是纤维素的水解，当使用酶或化学方法进行糖化时，这在经济上仍然具有挑战性。除了纤维素，第二代生物燃料业务的第二大挑战是将木质素转化为附加值产品，这在20年前是一个问题，今天仍然是一个重大挑战。木质素是一种难降解的基于芳香族的大分子，其可以以15-35%的浓度存在于木质纤维素生物质中，具有生产化学原料的高潜力。在这项工作中，利用连二亚硫酸钠，一种化合物，其利用在纸浆和纸张漂白过程中，将被用来生产有价值的化学产品。增加由这种方法产生的单体的量，特别是如果它使用不太苛刻的条件，将有利于目前低估木质素作为低质量燃料的生物炼制。

Since COP21, many industrialized countries have made strong commitments toward reducing their GHG emissions including Canada. Many option are available to this purpose including improving the efficiency of buildings as well as completely discarding coal as an energy source. However, transportation fuels are still one of the major producers of GHG in the country and to solve this situation, lesser options are actually available on the market. Of course, the increasing availability of electric cars is a net plus value for the reduction of GHG in transportation. However, in a country as large as Canada and with the actual limitation related to battery autonomy combined to the fact that electricity does not yet (nor for the next 10 years) apply to heavy transportation and aviation, there is still an important necessity for advanced renewable transportation fuels. At this point, the utilization of second generation biomass is constraint by two significant technological and economical challenges. One is the hydrolysis of cellulose, which is still economically challenging either when using enzymatic or chemical approaches for saccharification. In addition to cellulose, the second biggest challenge with the second-generation biofuel business is the conversion of lignin to added value products which was a problem 20 years ago and is still a major challenge today. Lignin is a refractory aromatic-based macromolecule which can be found in lignocellulosic biomass at concentrations varying from 15-35% with a high potential for the production of chemical feedstock. In this work, the utilization of sodium hydrosulfite, a compound known for its utilization in pulp and paper bleaching processes, will be used in order to produce valuable chemical products. Increasing the amount of monomers produced from such process, especially if it uses less severe conditions, will be beneficial for biorefineries which currently under estimates lignin as a low quality fuel.