Étude sur l'implantation des cultures de sorgho sucré pour la production d'éthanol génération 1.5

按年计算，加拿大的汽油消费量平均为40bl，该国多年来已经制定了一项法令，要求在这一体积中添加最低5%的乙醇(VOL)。在全国范围内，这样的体积相当于每年2bl的乙醇，其中450毫升应仅用于魁北克省的消费。该项目的合作伙伴，位于Un Varennes(QC)的Greenfield Global酿酒厂，是该省唯一的大型乙醇生产商，每年生产近200毫升燃料级乙醇。因此，达到联邦授权所需的剩余数量仍然不足，必须进口。为了解决这一问题，魁北克政府最近实施了纳税申报单，以促进第一代(淀粉基)和第二代(纤维素基)燃料的生产。然而，在后一种情况下，这些技术还没有准备好工业化运营，第一代乙醇仍然是生产大量乙醇的唯一经济选择。为了缩小现有技术和新兴技术之间的重要差距，提出了乙醇1.5代的概念：使用产生糖的作物，这些作物通常不被用作人类常见的食物供应，目标是使用“游离”糖(易提取的)与结构糖结合，如组成纤维素和半纤维素的糖。这种方法将通过使用第一代和更容易获得的糖来稀释第二代糖的成本，从而使已知技术和新兴技术之间的过渡变得容易。在这个项目中，第一个目标将致力于寻找经济的方法，允许高粱在更长的时间内保存，从而延长酿酒厂的喂食期。该项目的第二个目标将针对简单提取技术的影响，以验证这种技术是否可以比舍布鲁克大学团队及其工业合作者先前调查的蒸汽处理技术更具成本效益。

On an annual basis, the gasoline consumption in Canada averages 40BL and the country has, for now many years now, established a mandate requiring that ethanol be added to this volume at a minimal 5%(vol). On a countrywide basis, such volumes correspond to 2BL of ethanol per year from which 450ML should be used for consumption only in the Province of Québec. The partner of this project, the GreenField Global distillery located un Varennes (Qc), is the only large-scale producer of ethanol in the Province and produces close to 200ML fuel-grade ethanol yearly. Thus, the residual volume required to reach the federal mandate is still missing and has to be imported. In order to solve this problem, the Québec Government has recently implemented tax returns to promote the production of first (starch-based) and second (cellulose-based) generation fuels. In the latter case however, the technologies are not yet ready to operate at industrial scale and first-generation ethanol remains the only economical option to produce large volumes of ethanol. In order to reduce the important gap between existing and emerging technologies, the concept of Ethanol Gen 1.5 has been put forward: using crops that produce sugars and that are not generally used as a common human food supply, the objective is to use "free" sugars (easily extractible) combined with structural sugars such as the ones composing cellulose and hemicellulose. Such an approach would ease the transition between known and emerging technologies by diluting the cost of second generation sugars using first generation and more accessible sugars. In this project, the first objective will be dedicated to finding economical means of allowing the conservation of sorghum on longer periods, thus producing an increased feeding period to the distilleries. The second objective of this project will be targeting the impact of simple extraction technologies in order to verify if such techniques could be more cost-efficient than the steam treatment technique that was previously investigated by the Université de Sherbrooke team and its industrial collaborators.