RAISE TAQS: Very Large Scale Integrated Electronics and Phontonics Platform for Scaleable Quantum Information Processing

量子力学的世界在解决通信、计算和精密测量方面的悬而未决的问题方面拥有巨大的潜力。全球各地都在努力在各种类型的量子存储器中开发这种技术，例如光子或原子。在建造量子计算机和设想的“量子互联网”方面，最具挑战性的问题之一涉及如何有效地连接大量量子存储器的问题。虽然利用当今的技术进行概念验证实验是可能的，但将量子系统扩展到数十、数百或数千个单独可控的量子存储器需要新一代电子和光子组件、系统和算法。美国国家科学基金会这个项目的目标是开发底层的光子和电子芯片，以及控制和算法，从而使今天有可能将实验室中的概念验证演示转化为可行的量子技术。该NSF项目解决了扩展原子量子处理平台所需的核心架构挑战--在硬件和算法方面。设想的量子体系结构的核心是开发一种芯片体系结构，将互补的金属氧化物半导体电子设备与光子集成电路层相结合。该芯片将作为一个可扩展的基于芯片的平台来控制大量的量子存储器。该计划还将开发纠错阈值以及一类新的预知的两量子比特门，以接近容错阈值，尽管有损耗和解码通道连接我们的逻辑量子比特。设想的架构将为钻石中的囚禁离子和类原子发射器开发，尽管核心量子计算架构也将为其他基于原子或类原子量子存储器的模块化量子计算或量子中继器架构提供信息。该计划还将包括一项强有力的推广工作，向公众介绍量子信息处理、量子计算算法和大规模光电子电路的基本概念和前景。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The world of quantum mechanics holds enormous potential to address unsolved problems in communications, computation, and precision measurements. Efforts are underway across the globe to develop such technologies in various types of quantum memories, such as photons or atoms. One of the most challenging problems in building quantum computers and the envisioned "quantum internet" concerns the question of how to efficiently connect large numbers of quantum memories. While proof-of-concept experiments are possible with today's technology, scaling quantum systems to tens, hundreds, or thousands of individually controllable quantum memories requires a new generation of electronic and photonic components, systems, and algorithms. The goal of this NSF project is to develop the underlying photonic and electronic chips, as well as control and algorithms, that will make it possible to translate today?s proof-of-concept demonstrations out of the laboratory and into viable quantum technologies. This NSF project addresses the core architectural challenges -- in hardware and algorithms -- needed for scaling atomic quantum processing platforms. At the core of the envisioned quantum architecture is the development of a chip architecture that combines complementary metal-oxide semiconductor electronics with a photonic integrated circuit layer. This chip will serve as a scalable chip-based platform to control large numbers of quantum memories. The program will also develop error correction thresholds as well as a new class of heralded two-qubit gates to approach fault-tolerant thresholds despite lossy and decohering channels connecting our logical qubits. The envisioned architecture will be developed for trapped ions and atom-like emitters in diamond, though the core quantum computing architecture will also inform other modular quantum computing or quantum repeater architectures based on atomic or atom-like quantum memories. The program will also include a strong outreach effort to inform the general public about the underlying concepts and the promise of quantum information processing, quantum computing algorithms, and large-scale opto-electronic circuits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.