Adherence of periodontal ligament cells to dental implant materials

现代牙种植体获得了与骨的直接结合，骨融合，并被认为具有长期的临床成功。然而，这些骨整合种植体没有像牙周韧带那样的传感器和应力吸收器，在控制下颌运动和咬合应力方面还存在一些问题。考虑到咬合功能，理想的种植体可能是有牙周韧带的种植体。到目前为止，还没有进行牙周韧带植入的体内和体外研究。此外，牙周韧带细胞尚未被表征。我们首先建立了培养牙周膜细胞生长分化的无血清培养基，并研究了成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblast growth factors, FGFs）对牙周膜细胞生长分化的影响。其次，研究了与牙周韧带细胞密切相关的成骨细胞对羟基磷灰石和钛的粘附性。牙周膜细胞在生长和分化过程中表达FGF-1、FGF-2和FGF受体-1，提示FGF-1和FGF受体-1在调节细胞生长和分化过程中起主要作用。此外，成骨细胞对羟基磷灰石和钛的粘附是由粘附蛋白RGD结构域介导的。本研究表明，FGFs与粘附蛋白的特异性相互作用可能有助于牙周膜植入的实现。

Modern dental implants obtain a direct bonding to bone, osseointegration and are accepted to have long-term clinical success. However, these osseointegrated implants have no senser and no stress absorber like periodontal ligament, still having some problems about the control of mandibular movement and occlusal stress. With regard to the occlusal function, the ideal dental implants may be ones with periodontal ligaments. So far no in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed to pioneer periodontal ligament implant. In addition, periodontal ligament cells have not been characterized yet.We first developed a serum-free medium for the growth and differentiation of periodontal ligament cells and study the effect of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) on the growth and differentiation. Secondly, the adherence of osteoblasts, that well relate to periodontal ligament cells, to hydroxyapatite and titanium was investigated.Periodontal ligament cells express FGF-1, FGF-2 and FGF receptor-1 during growth and differention, suggesting that FGF-1 and FGF receptor-1 have a main role of regulating the growth and differentiation of the cells. Further the adherence of osteoblasts to hydroxyapatite and titanium is mediated by adhesive protein RGD domains.This study shows that specific interaction by FGFs and adhesive proteins may be useful to achieve periodontal ligament implant.