Empirical study on arithmetic department class that intends understanding and use of mathematical principle.

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The purpose of the present study is to think about the role that a mathematical principle plays a problem solving activity, and to propose a concrete strategy to the class improvement of the arithmetic department through that. As a result of the research, the following were clarified. "Children solve the problem respectively alone. → Children talk about an idea each other. →Children write the reflection of the class.", the ability that the class with this process uses is fostered. The teacher should clarify a mathematical principle (useful knowledge) before it teaches it. And as a concrete improvement to the class, the teacher clarifies the common feature with past study, the opinion 'Do not understand' is valued when the child talks about an idea each other, and children are made to explain a past content of study grounds. The teacher has children do the reflection that can be made the best use of when the problem is solved alone in the following study.