Tire/Road Contact Dynamics using Flexible Multibody Dynamics

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In this investigation, a nonlinear elastic ring tire model is developed. The elastic deformation of the tire belt is modeled using the finite element absolute nodal coordinate formulation which allows for describing large rotational motion and the nonlinear inertia effects ; the curved structure of the tire belt ; and moving boundary resulting from the tread and road interaction. Using a concept of elastic ring tire models, the sidewall flexibility of a tire is modeled using circumferential and radial springs and dampers defined between the belt and rim, while the tangential tire force is modeled using friction elements defined at contact nodes defined within the curved belt elements. Furthermore, a tire testing machine is developed and used for validating the proposed tire model. Good agreements are demonstrated in the modal characteristics of tires and the bump clearance characteristics obtained using the experiments and the numerical model. It is demonstrated that the proposed tire model can properly account for the dynamic coupling of contact forces and structural vibrations of tires in ride comfort and durability analyses.