Low Birth Weight Across Generations

早期的工作描述了母亲和婴儿出生体重之间的相关性。对其他胎儿生长参数（包括身长和头围）的研究表明，低出生体重母亲的婴儿比大体重母亲的婴儿更矮更轻，但婴儿的比例正常。在随后的研究中，1979年至1984年出生在田纳西州的婴儿的出生证明与1959年至1966年出生在田纳西州的母亲的出生证明相匹配。产妇和婴儿出生体重再次显示出相关性。此外，出生体重低的妇女生下小于胎龄儿的可能性是出生时体重为4000-4499克的妇女的四倍，但出生体重低的妇女生下早产儿的可能性不到两倍。接下来研究了一组出生于1955年至1965年的瑞典妇女。出生时小于胎龄儿的妇女生小于胎龄儿和早产儿的风险增加。出生时早产的妇女发生这两种结局的风险都没有增加。在丹麦围产期研究（1959-61）中出生的妇女中，发现出生SGA的妇女生SGA孩子的风险增加了一倍，但早产的妇女生早产儿的风险并没有增加。此外，出生时小于胎龄的妇女在怀孕期间患高血压的风险增加。独立于母亲的大小在出生时，父亲的大小在出生时被发现与胎儿的生长，但不与妊娠期。对1959- 1966年出生的费城和普罗维登斯围产期合作项目队列的女孩进行成年期随访，并确定其妊娠结局。目前正在对这些妇女的数据进行分析。初步分析评估了母亲和年长兄弟姐妹的出生特征对最年幼兄弟姐妹出生特征的相对贡献。无论是母亲自己的SGA状态在出生时，和SGA状态的哥哥姐姐每个预测SGA状态的最年轻的兄弟姐妹。虽然有一个早产的哥哥姐姐预测早产的最年轻的兄弟姐妹（优势比=5.5），有一个早产的母亲没有（优势比=1.0）。母亲和年长同胞出生特征之间没有相互作用。

Early work described the correlation between birthweights of mothers and their infants. The study of other fetal growth parameters, including length and head circumference demonstrated that infants of low birth weight mothers were both shorter and lighter than infants of larger mothers, but that the infants were normally proportioned. In ensuing studies, birth certificates of infants born in Tennessee between 1979 to 1984 were matched with those of their mothers, who were born in Tennessee between 1959 to 1966. Maternal and infant birth weights were again shown to be correlated. In addition, women who were themselves of low birth weight were up to four times as likely to have a small-for-gestational age infant as were women who weighed 4000-4499 grams at birth, but low birth weight women were less than twice as likely to have a preterm infant. A group of Swedish women, born from 1955 to 1965, was next studied. Women who themselves were small-for gestational age at birth were at increased risk of giving birth to both small-for-gestational age and preterm infants. Women who were preterm at birth were not at increased risk of either outcome. Among women born in the Danish Perinatal Study (1959-61), women born SGA were found to be at doubled risk of having an SGA child, but women born preterm were not at increased risk of giving birth to a preterm child. In addition, women who were small-for-gestational age at birth were at increased risk of developing hypertension during pregnancy. Independent of maternal size at birth, paternal size at birth was found to be associated with fetal growth, but not with duration of gestation. Girls who were born from 1959-66 as subjects in the Philadelphia and Providence cohorts of the Collaborative Perinatal Project were followed-up in adulthood, and their pregnancy outcomes ascertained. Data analysis from these women is currently underway. Initial analyses evaluated the relative contributions of the birth characteristics of the mother and those of older siblings on the birth characteristics of the youngest sibling. Both the mother's own SGA status at birth, and the SGA status of older siblings each predicted SGA status of the youngest sibling. Although having a preterm older sibling predicted preterm birth in the youngest sibling (odds ratio=5.5), having a preterm mother did not (odds ratio=1.0). There were no interactions between maternal and older sib birth characteristics.