ERP and fMRI of emotion and cognition in psychopathy

描述（由申请人提供）：精神病是一种人格障碍，由一系列人际、情感和行为特征组成。精神病患者要为不成比例的民事破坏负责，包括刑事的和非刑事的。精神病的社会成本，包括财政和情感因素，可与其他流行率相似的主要精神疾病相媲美（约占总人口的1%）。然而，相对于其他主要疾病（如精神分裂症），我们对与精神病有关的神经认知系统知之甚少。最近由主要研究者进行的小规模电生理和血流动力学成像研究表明，犯罪性精神病与在执行情感、错误监测和突出刺激（如古怪）处理任务时副边缘系统的功能异常有关。与此相关的主要旁缘结构包括杏仁核、眶额叶皮层、颞前上回、吻侧和尾侧前扣带以及后扣带。本研究的目的是从不同社会经济背景的不同种族的男性和女性的社区人群中抽取样本来检验精神病的副边缘假设。高时间分辨率电生理技术和高空间分辨率血流动力学成像将用于绘制与情感、错误监测和显著刺激处理任务相关的功能神经结构。该项目的最终目的是获得对与精神病有关的脑系统的更全面的了解，其次，开始了解脑功能与精神病症状的关系。在研究结束时，数据将可用于表征精神病患者的功能失调神经解剖学，而不仅仅是从监禁样本中提取。这些数据还将允许沿着性别和社会经济线检查精神病特异性旁缘脑功能异常，探索脑功能异常与精神病症状亚型的关系，并将提供精神病与酒精和物质障碍中脑功能异常的相互关系的数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Psychopathy is a personality disorder comprised of a constellation of interpersonal, affective and behavioral characteristics. Individuals with psychopathy are responsible for a disproportionate amount of civil disruption, both criminal and noncriminal. The societal cost of psychopathy, including fiscal and emotional components, rivals those of other major mental illnesses of similar prevalence (~1% general population). However, relative to other major disorders (e.g., schizophrenia), little is known about the neurocognitive systems implicated in psychopathy. Recent small scale electrophysiological and hemodynamic imaging studies done by the primary investigator have shown that criminal psychopathy is associated with functional abnormalities in the paralimbic system during performance of affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus (e.g., oddball) processing tasks. The primary paralimbic structures that appear to be implicated include the amygdala, orbital frontal cortex, anterior superior temporal gyrus, rostral and caudal anterior cingulate, and posterior cingulate. The purpose of the present proposal is to test the paralimbic hypothesis of psychopathy in samples drawn from community based populations of ethically diverse males and females from varied socio-economic backgrounds. High temporal resolution electrophysiological techniques and high spatial resolution hemodynamic imaging will be used to map the functional neural architecture associated with affective, error-monitoring, and salient stimulus processing tasks in groups stratified by psychopathy scores. The ultimate aim of the proposed project is to obtain a more complete understanding of the brain systems implicated in psychopathy, and secondarily, to begin to understand how brain function relates to psychopathic symptomology. At the conclusion of the study, data will be available to characterize dysfunctional neuroanatomy in psychopaths not drawn exclusively from incarcerated samples. The data also will permit an examination of psychopathy-specific paralimbic brain function abnormalities along gender and socioeconomic lines, exploration of how brain function abnormalities relate to psychopathy symptom subtypes, and will provide data on the inter-relationship of functional brain abnormalities in psychopathy and alcohol and substance disorders.